基于电感测量无位置传感器无刷电机实验研究 - 图文

毕 业 设 计（论 文）

题 目 基于电感测量无位置传感器

无刷电机实验研究

姓 名 学 号 所在学院 专业班级 指导教师 日 期

摘要

无传感器控制技术是无刷直流电机控制领域研究的热点。针对无刷直流电机在静止和低速状态下检测转子位置困难，提出了无刷直流电机采用无位置传感器控制策略时转子位置检测的一种新方法。基于定子电感是转子位置的函数，用该方法推导出三相无刷直流电动机在两相通电工作方式下的等效电感，并用简单的电子电路实现直流无刷电机无位置传感器的驱动控制。本文采用DSP 56F8346芯片对无位置传感器的无刷直流电动机控制系统进行了设计，并且进行了相应的系统硬件、软件设计。

关 键 词: 无刷直流电动机；无位置传感器；转子位置检测；电感

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Abstract

Sensorless ontrol technology has been a hot research in BLDCM control domain. A novel method for detecting the rotor position of Senseless Brushless DC Motor was presented in view ofthe deficiency in rotor position detecting at standstill or low-speed. The paper, based on the investigation that the statorinductance variation is a function of the rotor position, deduced the equivalent inductance of three-phase brushless DCmotor with two-phase working, and realized the driving control by a simple electric circuit.This paper introduces the design of the sensorless control system for brushless DC motor based on DSP 56F8346， and designs the corresPonding hardware ands oftware eireuit.

Key words: brushless DC motor; senseless; rotor position detecting;

inductance

II

目录

摘要..............................................................................................................................Ⅰ Abstract.......................................................................................................................Ⅱ 目录..............................................................................................................................Ⅲ

第一章 绪论...........................................................................................................1

1.1概述.........................................................................................................................1

1.1.1 永磁无刷直流电动机概述..........................................................................1 1.1.2 无位置传感器无刷电机控制......................................................................2

1.2选题的意义及研究内容.........................................................................................2

1.2.1 无位置传感器无刷电机起动方法及存在的问题......................................2 1.2.2 本项目的研究内容......................................................................................3 1.2.3 本人在该项目中所承担的任务..................................................................4

第二章 方案的选择及可行性分析..............................................................5

2.1 电感法综述............................................................................................................5 2.2 若干方案的比较....................................................................................................5 2.3 方案的选择与推论................................................................................................8

第三章 系统硬件电路的设计.......................................................................12

3.1 实验用无刷电机简介...........................................................................................12 3.2 逆变电路及通电方式的选择...............................................................................12 3.3 控制器用单片机的选型.......................................................................................14 3.4 硬件电路的设计与制作.......................................................................................16

第四章 系统的软件设计.................................................................................18

4.1 总体结构设计.......................................................................................................18 4.2 单片机接口配置及初始化...................................................................................19 4.3 主程序设计...........................................................................................................21 4.4 中断程序设计.......................................................................................................23 4.4 PWM模块设计......................................................................................................24 4.5 数模转换模块设计...............................................................................................26

III

第五章 系统调试及实验结果分析.............................................................28

5.1 实验平台的构建...................................................................................................28 5.2 波形检测及滤波器设计.......................................................................................28 5.3 单片机AD转换分析............................................................................................33 5.4 无刷电机初始定位及开环起动实验...................................................................34 总结与体会..................................................................................................................37 致谢..............................................................................................................................39 参考文献......................................................................................................................40

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