有机化学方程式归纳（高考必备）

第四章 烃

第二节 甲烷

?Na2CO3?CH4? 234、CH3COONa?NaOH????CaO235、CH4?2O2?点燃???CO2?2H2O 236、CH4?Cl2???CH3Cl?HCl 237、CH3Cl?Cl2???CH2Cl2?HCl 238、CH2Cl2?Cl2???CHCl3?HCl 239、CHCl3?Cl2???CCl4?HCl 240、CH4?高温???C?2H2 第四节 乙烯

光光光光??CH2?CH2??H2O 241、CH3?CH2?OH??。170C浓硫酸242、CH2?CH2?Br2?CH2Br?CH2Br

??CH3?CH3 243、CH2?CH2?H2???催化剂244、CH2?CH2?HCl?CH3?CH2Cl 245、CH2?CH2?3O2?点燃???2CO2?2H2O 246、CH2?CH2?H2O?催化剂???CH3?CH2?OH

一定条件247、nCH2?CH2?催化剂??? [CH2?CH2]n

一定条件第五节 烯烃

CH3248、nCH2?CH2?一定条件???? [CH?CH2]n

249、CH2?CH?CH?CH2?Br?Br?CH2?CH?CH?CH2

BrBr250、CH2?CH?CH?CH2?Br?Br?CH2?CH?CH?CH2

BrBr251、nCH2?CH?CH?CH2?一定条件???? [CH2?CH?CH?CH2]n 252、nCH2?CH?C?CH2?一定条件???? [CH2?CH?C?CH2]n

CH3CH3

第六节 乙炔

253、CaC2?2H2O?Ca（OH）2?HC?CH? 254、2CH?CH?5O2?点燃???4CO2?2H2O 255、CH?CH?Br2?CH?CH

BrBrBrBrBr催化剂?BrBrBr256、CH?CH?Br2?CH?CH

??CH2?CH2 257、CH?CH?H2????CH3?CH3 258、CH2?CH2?H2???催化剂??CH2?CHCl 259、CH?CH?HCl???催化剂第七节 苯 芳香烃

Fe?Br2???Br?HBr

260、 261、 H2SO4?HO?NO2?浓????。60CNO2?H2O

262、 C~80C?HO?SO3H?70????..SO3H?H2O

263、?3H2?催化剂???? CH3CH3NO2NO2?3H2O

ONH2SO4?3HO?NO2?浓????2264、

CH3CH3HO3SSO3HSO3H?3H2O

?3HO?SO3H?第五章 烃的衍生物

补充课程 卤代烃

??CH3CH2OH?HBr 270、CH3CH2Br?H2O???2?CH3CH2OH?NaBr 271、CH3CH2Br?NaOH???NaOHHO???CH2?CH2??NaBr?H2O 272、CH3CH2Br?NaOH??醇273、CH2?CHCl?H2?一定条件????CH3CH2Cl 274、nCH2?CHCl??????CH2?CHCl?n

一定条件第一节 乙醇

275、2Na?2C2H5OH?2C2H5ONa?H2? 276、Mg?2C2H5OH?(C2H5O)2Mg?H2? 277、2Al?6C2H5OH?2(C2H5O)3Al?3H2? 278、2Cu?O2???2CuO

279、CuO?C2H5OH?Cu?CH3CHO

???2CH3CHO?2H2O（278、279结合） 280、2C2H5OH?O2??Cu281、CH3CH2OH?HBr?CH3CH2Br?H2O

4??CH2?CH2??H2O 282、CH3CH2OH??2?。浓HSO170C4??CH3?CH2?O?CH2?CH3?H2O 283、2CH3CH2OH??2?。浓HSO140C284、C2H6O?3O2?点燃???2CO2?3H2O

??CH3CH2OH 285、乙烯水化制乙醇：CH2?CH2?H2O??一定T、P2?CH3CH2OH?NaBr 286、卤代烃水解制乙醇：CH3CH2Br?NaOH???催化剂HO?第二节 苯酚

OH OH Br Br ?3Br2??3HBr

287、

Br OH O2N NO2 3HO?NO2?288、

OH ??3H2O

NO2 OH HO3S SO3H ?3HSO3H 23HO?SO3H?289、

OH OH ?O

?NaOH? ONa 290、 ONa ?H2OOH

?CO2?H2O? 291、 OH ??NaHCO3

292、?Na2CO3??2Na?2 ONa ?NaHCO3

2OH ONa 293、

?H2?HCl

294、 ?Cl2????Cl 催化剂Cl ?苯酚的工业制法 ?H2O????高温、加压催化剂 OH ?HCl

295、第三节 醛

??CH3CH2OH 296、CH3CHO?H2??Ni297、AgNO3?NH3?H2O?AgOH??NH4NO3

银氨溶液制备

298、AgOH??2NH3?H2O?Ag(NH3)2OH?2H2O 299、CH3CHO?2Ag(NH3)2OH?热水浴???CH3COONH4?2Ag??3NH3?H2O 300、CuSO4?2NaOH?Cu(OH)2??NaSO4

?301、2CH3CHO?Cu(OH)2???Cu2O??2H2O?CH3COOH

??CH3OH 302、HCHO?H2??Ni303、HCHO?4Ag(NH3)2OH?热水浴???NH4HCO3?4Ag??7NH3?2H2O

OH H H OH [ CH2 ]n ?nH2n304、酚醛树脂制备的苯环式：?nHCHO?浓盐酸???沸水浴O

nC6H5OH?nHCHO?浓盐酸???[C6H3OHCH2]n?nH2O沸水浴307、链状式：

308、乙炔水化法制乙醛：CH?CH?H2O?催化剂???CH3CHO

??2CH3CHO 309、乙烯氧化法制乙醛：2CH2?CH2?O2??一定T、P催化剂 2CH3?CH?CH3?O2?催化剂???2CH3?C?CH3?2H2O?310、2—丙醇氧化制丙酮：第四节 乙酸

OH浓HSO?O

24??CH3COOC2H5?H2O 311、CH3COOH?HO?C2H5???24??CH3COOCH3?H2O 312、CH3COOH?HO?CH3???浓HSO? CH2?OH313、

CH2?OH浓H2SO4?2CH3COOH?????? CH3COO?CH2CH3COO?CH2?2H2O

314、2CH3CHO?O2?催化剂???2CH3COOH

??4CH3COOH?2H2O 315、丁烷氧化法制乙酸：2CH3CH2CH2CH3?5O2??一定T、P催化剂第五节 酯

24??CH3CH2OSO3H?H2O 316、HO?SO3H?CH3CH2OH???浓HSO?24??CH3CH2ONO2?H2O 317、HO?NO2?CH3CH2OH???浓HSO?24??CH3COOH?HO?C2H5 318、CH3COOC2H5?H2O???浓HSO? CH2?OH浓HSO CH3COO?CH224??CH3COO?CHCH?OH?3CH3COOH?????3H2O

319、CH2?OH CH2?OH浓HSOCH3COO?CH2 C17H33COO?CH224??C17H33COO?CHCH?OH?3C17H33COOH?????3H2O

320、CH2?OH CH2?OHC17H33COO?CH2 C17H35COO?CH2浓H2SO4??C17H35COO?CHCH?OH?3C17H35COOH?????3H2O

321、CH2?OHC17H35COO?CH2 CH2?OH C15H31COO?CH2浓H2SO4??C15H31COO?CH?3H2OCH?OH?3C15H31COOH????322、CH2?OH

C15H31COO?CH2

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