口译讲义(5)

valley‘s entrance and captured several mountain peaks on either side．(塔利班说他们已经突破了该山谷入口处的狭窄的小路并占领了两旁的几座山峰。)

tenth--tense：A BBC correspondent there says there is a tense standoff with the Serbs still holding one end of the bridge with the captured French soldier as a hostage．(驻那里的一位BBC记者说，双方仍旧紧张地僵持着，塞族人依然以被俘虏的法国士兵作为人质占领着大桥的一端。) Correspondents say the latest attacks come at the end of a tense week in Istanbul which at least 17 people died in clashes between police and members of the Muslims．(记者们报道，在僵持了一星期之后，伊斯坦布尔又发生了袭击事件，至少有17人在警察与穆斯林间的冲突中丧生。)如果tense被误听为tenth, a tense standoff和a tense week就被误听成a tenth standoff (第十次僵持)和a tenth week(第十个星期)了。

cause --- course：The spokesman praised Mr. Yeltsin for the great resourcefulness and determination with which he had pursued the cause of reform in the face of many difficulties and obstacles．(该发言人赞扬了叶利钦在重重困难和障碍面前进行改革事业的智谋和决心。)如果cause误昕为course，“进行改革事业”就成了“攻读改革课程”了。

sought--thought：A branch of military intelligence had sought to implicate ANC members in criminal activities．(一军事情报部门企图把非国大成员牵连进犯罪活动中去。)如果把sought误听为thought，句子就成了“一军事情报部门想到要把非国大成员牵连进犯罪活动中去。” 下面一句中的thought也不能被误听为sought：His forces are now thought to control well over half of Angolan territory．(据认为，他的部队现在控制着远远超过安哥拉一半以上的领土。)

faith--face：Faith，faith in the word of America，is the pulse beat of democracy．(NPR=National Public Radio)(信仰，美国字眼的信仰，是民主的脉搏。)为数不少的人在发th音时常把th音发成s音，faith被读成face，句子就成了令人啼笑皆非的Face，face in the word of America，is the pulse beat of democracy．(脸，美国字眼的脸，是民主的脉搏。)

former--formal：The formal publication of his proposals must not be delayed indefinitely．(不得无限制地推迟正式公布他的提案。)如果把formal误听成former，

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句子的逻辑就不通了。 3．辨清音同义异的字

如果不辨清这类词的话，不仅会把意思搞错，而且会闹出笑话。经常被搞错的词有aides—Aids，corps--core，seize--sees等。请看下面的例句：

aides——Aids：A political row has broken out in Moscow over the detention by security officials of two leading aides of President Yeltsin．(在莫斯科因为保安官员拘留了叶利钦总统的两名主要助手而爆发了一场政治上的争吵)。千万别把aides与下句中的Aids(艾滋病)相混。Scientists said they had made a breakthrough in the treatment of Aids．(科学家说他们在治疗艾滋病方面有了突破。)

corps--core：President Clinton said that tile peace corps set up to fight international poverty will take up disaster relief missions．(克林顿总统说，为与全球的贫困作斗争而成立的和平队将担负起难民救济的使命。)这里的corps与core的发音完全一样。peace corps是闻名世界的“和平队”，而不是peace core(和平的核心)。再看一个例句，The radio said the Bosnian fifth army corps was also advancing out of Bihac in the northwest in an attempt to link up with Croatian forces．(该电台广播说，波斯尼亚第五军团也在从西北的比哈奇镇向外梃进．试图与克罗地亚部队联合起来。)由于许多学生不知道corps这个字，他门往往把它误作为core。这样army corps(军团)就成了army core(军中核心)。

seize--sees：French forces have launched a military operation to seize control of the Indian Ocean Comoro Islands from white mercenaries who staged a coup last week．(法国部队发起了一场军事行动，以从上周发动政变的白人雇佣军手中夺回印度洋中的科摩罗群岛的控制权。)

有人会把句中的seize误听为sees。其实只要从语法上稍加分析就知道不可能是sees，因为动词不定式不可以加-s，所以不可能是to sees。 4．辨清听上去易混淆的词

forty--faulty：Faulty maps were responsible for the error．如果把faulty误听为forty，“有差错的地图应该对该错误负责”就变成了“40幅地图应该对该错误负责”。再看下面的句子：

One of the first tasks for the three men crew of Atlantis and the three already on the

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Russian Space Station Mir was to replace a faulty oxygen generator．(亚特兰蒂斯宇宙飞船上的三位男机组人员和已在俄罗斯空间站和平号上的三位男机组人员的首要任务之一是更换一个有缺陷的氧气发生器。)如果faulty误听为forty的话，就会出现语法错误，不可能是“一个40氧气发生器”。

Asian——ASEAN：The talks in Osaka focused on a potential informal dialogue between the ASEAN free trade area AFTA and the North American free trade area NAFTA．有时ASEAN“东南亚国家联盟”会被误听为Asian“亚洲的”。这样，“在大阪举行的会谈中，集中讨论了东盟自由贸易区和北美自由贸易区之间有可能进行非正式对话的问题”就被误听为“亚洲自由贸易区和北美自由贸易区之间有可能进行非正式对话”，这样就会造成很大的政治错误。。

withdraw--withdrawal：人们常把withdrawal误听为withdraw，这两个词听上去确实非常相似，当然要辨别它们也不难。只要记住它们的语法功能不一样，withdrawal是名词，withdraw是动词。请看下面的例句：The Finn Fein Deputy President Martin McGuinness has made further calls for the withdrawal of British forces from Northern Ireland．(新芬党副主席马丁2麦克吉尼斯再次要求英国从北爱尔兰撤出其部队。)The UN has expressed concern that a withdrawal could again lead to war breaking out there．(联合国对撤军可能在那里再次引起战争表示了担忧。)

beach--breach：A gunman has opened fire on the White House in Washington，the second breach of security there in six week．(一名枪手在华盛顿对白宫开枪射击，这是六周内那里的安全第二次遭到破坏。)breach中r音是一带而过，常会被误听为beach。

shots--shouts：President Clinton，who had not long returned from the Middle East，was watching a football match on television and heard the shots．(克林顿总统刚从中东回来不久，正在电视上看橄榄球比赛并听见了枪声。)shots常被误听为shouts。这样，句子成了“克林顿总统刚从中东回来不久。正在电视上看橄榄球比赛并听见了叫声”。

poles—pulls---polls：The people of the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia are going to the polls today in the second round of parliamentary elections．(前南斯拉

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夫马其顿共和国的人民今天去投票，进行第二轮议会选举。)如果不知道go to the polls这个短语．就会把polls误解为poles或pulls。在下句中，如果把polls的单数poll误听为pull或pole的话，句子的意思就错了：Representatives of the African National Congress or ANC want the poll postponed，saying that continuing violence and electoral irregularities mean the voting cannot be free and fair．(非国大的代表要求选举延期，他们说连续不断的暴力行动和选举舞弊行为表明选举不可能是自 由和公正的。)

on the way--under way：New moves are reported to be under way in Paris to revitalize the Middle East peace process．(据报道，在巴黎正在采取新的行动来恢复中东和平进程。)其中to be under way常被误听为to be on the way。

aid--eight：Aid agencies say that at least half the population has fled the city．(救援机构说至少半数的居民已背井离乡。)Aid workers in Sierra Leone say humanitarian relief operations in the east of the country have been threatened by the rebels of the Revolutionary United Front．The rebel leader has told the Red Cross he can no longer guarantee the safety of aid workers unless humanitarian deliveries receive prior clearance from him．Aid convoys have been a frequent target of the rebels in their four year offensive against the government．(塞拉利昂的救援工作者 说，在该国东部的人道主义救援已经受到了革命联合阵线的反叛者的威胁。反叛者领导人告诉红十字会，除非人道主义救济物先给他，否则他不再能保证救援工作者的安全。在反叛者对政府进行的四年进攻中，救援车队一直是他们的目标。)在这则报道中，aid agencies，aid workers和aid convoys常被误听为eight agencies，eight workers和eight convoys。

spend--spanned：In Italy the former prime minister goes on trial today accused of having had links with the Mafia during his political career which spanned five decades．(意大利前总理今天将受审，他被指控在长达50年的政治生涯中与黑手党有联系。)这里的spanned被误听为spend。

serious--series：Police in the Turkish city of Istanbul say three people were injured in a series of overnight bomb explosions．(土尔其伊斯坦布尔市的警方说．在一系列通宵达旦的炸弹爆炸中三人受伤。)A series of agreements on

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economic，political and military cooperation is also to be signed during the visit．(在这次访问中也将签署一系列经济、政治和军事合作的协议。)如果稍作语法分析就不会把a series of误听成a serious 了

Turkish--Kurdish：International pressure is growing on Turkey to end its military operation against Kurdish separatists in northern Iraq．(国际舆论对土尔其的压力日益增加，要它结束对伊拉克北部库尔德族分裂分子的军事行动。)这里的Kurdish(库尔德族的)往往会与下面句子中的Turkish(土尔其的)相互混淆。Foreign ministers from the European Union issued a joint statement in Luxembourg yesterday calling for all Turkish forces to be withdrawn without delay．(来自欧洲联盟的外长们，昨天在卢森堡发表共同声明，要求所有的土尔其部队立刻撤军。)

再来看一看Turkish和Kurdish同时出现在一句中，不仔细听就会被搞得稀里糊涂。As fighting continues in northern Iraq，about 500 members of the Turkish Kurdish separatist group, the PKK，are holding out in a mountain area，where they are under attack from both the Iraqi Kurds and Turkish troops．(当战争在伊拉克北部继续进行时，大约500名土尔其库尔德族分裂主义派别PKK成员正在一山区继续抵抗，他们在那里受到了伊拉克库尔德族人和土尔其军队的进攻。)

sport--spot：Mr. Clinton said they had discussed a dozen potential trouble spots，Russia，Bosnia and the Middle East among them．(克林顿先生说，他们讨论了十几个潜在的麻烦地区，其中有俄罗斯、波斯尼亚和中东。)这里的spots常被误听为sports。

5．辨清有些易混淆的数词 如

thirteen—thirty,

fourteen—forty,

fifteen—fifty,

sixteen—sixty,

seventeen—seventy，eighteen--eighty，nineteen--ninety，fifth--sixth等． 6．辨清英国英语和美国英语不同的发音

如laboratory，英国人把它读成[lo’boreteri]，美国人则把它念成[’laeberetari]；lieutenant的英国英语发音是[1ef’tenent']，而美国英语把它读成[1(j)u：’tenont]；missile的英国英语发音是['misail]，而美国英语把它读成['misel]；neither的英国英语发音是['nai]。而美国英语把它读成[’ni：]，等等。 7．记住有些数字的不同读法

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