凸座零件的数控铣削工艺与编程

2016届 分 类 号:TG547 单位代码:

业论文（设计）

凸座零件的数控铣削工艺与编程

姓 名

学 号

年 级 2012

专 业

机械设计制造及其自动化 系 （院）

机械工程学院

指导教师

2016年3月30日

毕

摘 要

数控是数字控制的简称，用数字化信息进行控制的自动控制技术，起源于上世纪。在机床范围是指用数字信号操纵机床的运动及其加工过程。数控系统应用数字控制技术，数控机床或NC机床是配置了数控系统的机床。

本设计结合具体的凸座零件的数控铣削工艺与编程说明数控技术、数控机床的发展历史以及发展趋势，并且进行数控加工工艺分析以及进行简单的数控加工程序的编制。主要运用大学期间学习的专业知识并查阅相关资料对零件图进行分析、制定工艺路线、确定工艺方案，包含以下内容：选择机床、确定基准、了解夹装方式、道具的简介以及合理选择、切削用量的确定、进行程序的编制，仿真加工，深刻全面的了解零件数控铣削加工全过程。

关键词：数控技术；数控加工工艺；程序编程；数控机床

I

ABSTRACT

CNC is short for digital control, the control of automatic control technology, digital information originated in the last century. The scope of machine tool refers to the movement and controls the machine with digital signal processing. Numerical control system USES digital control technology, numerical control machine tool and NC machine tool is configured with a numerical control system of machine tools.

This design combined with the specific convex parts of the CNC milling process and programming of nc technology, the development history and development trend of nc machine tool, and the nc machining process analysis and prepare for simple nc machining program. Main use college to learn professional knowledge and access to relevant data to analyze the part drawing, making craft route, process scheme is determined, include the following contents: select machine tools, benchmarking and understand the introduction of the clip way, props, and the determination of reasonable selection, cutting dosage, the compilation of procedures involved, simulation processing, deep comprehensive understanding parts of CNC milling process.

Key words: Numerical control technology; CNC machining technology ; NC programming；numerical control machine

II

目 录

1 绪论 ........................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1数控技术的发展历史以及发展趋势 ............................................................................. 1 1.2数控加工的主要对象 ..................................................................................................... 2 1.3数控机床 ......................................................................................................................... 2 1.3.1数控机床的组成 ...................................................................................................... 2 1.3.2数控机床的加工特点 .............................................................................................. 3 1.4数控铣削 ......................................................................................................................... 3 1.4.1数控铣削的加工对象 .............................................................................................. 3 1.4.2数控铣削加工工艺 .................................................................................................. 4 1.5本论文研究的主要目的和意义 ..................................................................................... 4 1.6本文研究的主要内容： ................................................................................................. 4 2 零件图 .................................................................................................................................... 5 3 零件工艺的分析 .................................................................................................................... 6 3.1毛坯的选择 ..................................................................................................................... 6 3.2基准的选择 ..................................................................................................................... 6 3.2.1精基准的选择 .......................................................................................................... 6 3.2.2粗基准的选择 .......................................................................................................... 6 3.3拟定加工工艺路线 ......................................................................................................... 6 4 设备的选择 ............................................................................................................................ 8 4.1机床的选择 ..................................................................................................................... 8 4.2夹具的选择 ..................................................................................................................... 8 4.3切削用量 ......................................................................................................................... 9 4.4刀具的选择 ..................................................................................................................... 9 4.4.1铣削刀具的种类 ...................................................................................................... 9 4.4.2铣削刀具的基本要求 ............................................................................................ 11 4.4.3平面加工刀具的选择 ............................................................................................ 11 4.4.4凸台轮廓以及台阶面加工刀具的选择 ................................................................ 11 4.4.5孔加工以及螺纹加工的刀具选择 ........................................................................ 11 4.4.6对刀的方法 ............................................................................................................ 12 4.5切削液的选择 ............................................................................................................... 13 4.6量具的选择 ................................................................................................................... 13

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5 加工程序 .............................................................................................................................. 14 5.1建立工件加工坐标系 ................................................................................................... 14 5.2加工程序 ....................................................................................................................... 14 5.2.1数控编程的内容与步骤 ........................................................................................ 14 5.2.2数控加工工序卡 .................................................................................................... 15 5.2.3凸座零件的加工程序清单 .................................................................................... 15 6 设计总结 .............................................................................................................................. 19 参 考 文 献 ............................................................................................................................ 20 附 录 ...................................................................................................................................... 21 致 谢 ...................................................................................................................................... 22

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