高级英语第一册课后答案(5)

3) Modern linguistics take Leonard Bloomfield's Language (1933)as its authority.

4)But if so, he has made unconsciously one of the biggest mistakes one is liable to make in dictionary making.

5)Anyone who tries to sort out the many meanings now included under door may have to sacrifice brevity to accuracy.

6)And, sure enough, in the definition which made the Post angry... Ⅷ.

1)alliteration and sarcasm 2)assonance and antithesis 3)metonymy 4) metonymy 5) synecdoche 6) sarcasm 7)synecdoche

IX .

1)Never has a scholarly work of this stature been attacked with such unbridled fury and contempt.

2)Is all this a fraud, a hoax?

3)The first—and essential—step in the study of any language is observing and setting down precisely what happens when native speakers speak it． 4)Change is constant—and normal．

5)But he wants—and has a right to—the truth，the full truth． 6)And this，too，is complex，subtle，and forever changing．

7)The fine print in the lease?-and the rent is computed on the number of rooms． 8)But one thing is certain：anyone who?nonsense． Ⅹ．

1)我们已达成了协议。

2)他总是从钱的角度考虑问题。 3)谈到这个男孩时他们总是赞扬。 4)从那时起两国一直保持着友好关系。 5)你必须把这件事记在他的帐上。 6)我们把成功归于你的帮助。

7)他的父母帮他开设了律师事务所。 8)他们被大雾耽搁了。

9)工作是困难的，但你一定要坚持下去。 10)她改行搞演唱了。 Ⅺ．

1)The Garden of Harmonious Interest was modelled on a garden in Wuxi． 2)He called on the children to model themselves on the PLA heroes． 3)This work may be relegated to philosophy．

4)Benjamin Franklin was as much a scientist and an inventor as a statesman． 5)He set down all the findings of every experiment in his notebook． 6)Can you sum up the central idea of this ancient poem in plain terms? 7)We should constantly adapt our thinking to the changing conditions.

8) The young soldier was frozen to death in the snow, his hands still hanging on to the gun.

9) The said company will furnish them with lodging and transportation. 10)The speed of motor vehicles is restricted to 55 km. per hour.

11)The cable message conveyed the deepest concern of the people in the capital for those in the quake-afflicted areas.

12)What can you infer about the author from the article it-self? 13)She has a preference for classical music.

14)The teacher urges the students to use English-English dictionaries in preference to English-Chinese dictionaries. XII .

lexicography, it, dictionary, up, language, data, lexicographer, employed, selecting, fall, under, assembling, useful, for, their, establish, sometimes, of, changes, vocabulary, are, coinage, went, milestons, steps, that, such, listing, feet

XIII. Omitted.

ⅩⅣ.

Outline

At first, the author mentions the abuse in the popular press that greeted the appearance of Webster's Third New International Dictionary and asks: what underlies all this sound and fury? He doesn't answer the question at once but introduces the newly appearing science of descriptive linguistics related to the making of dictionaries. From the general findings of the new science he draws a conclusion that dictionary is good only insofar as it is a comprehensive and accurate description of current usage. Then by citing facts he points out that the English language has changed a lot since the birth of the Second International, and the popular press vehemently attacking the Third International uses many words only to be found in it. Therefore it is necessary to have a new dictionary to respond to and record the changing language. At last, he states though there is room for improvement in the Third International, it is wise and practical to use the Third instead of the Second.

Lesson12 The Loons I .

1)The Tonnerres were poor The basis of their dwelling was a small square cabin made of poles and mud, which had been built some fifty years before. As the Tonnerres had increased in number, their settlement had been added, until thc clearing at the foot of the town hill was a chaos of lean-tos, wooden packing cases, warped lumber, discarded car tyres, ramshackle chicken coops, tangled strands of barbed wire and rusty tin cans.

2)Sometimes, one of them would get involved in a fight on Main Street and be put for the night in the barred cell underneath the Court House.

3)Because she had had tuberculosis of the bone, and should have a couple of months rest to get better.

4)Her mother first objected to take Piquette along because she was afraid that the girl would spread the disease to her children and she believed that the girl was not hygienic. She then agreed to do so because she preferred Piquette to the narrator's grandmother, who promised not to go

along with the family and decided to stay in the city if the girl was taken along.

5)The cottage was called Macleod, their family name. The scenery there was quite beautiful with all kinds of plants and animals at the lakeside.

6)The narrator knew that maybe Piquette was an Indian descendant who knew the woods quite well, so she tried to ask Piquette to go and play in the wood and tell her stories about woods.

7)Because Piquette thought the narrator was scorning and showing contempt for her Indian ancestors, which was just opposite to her original intention.

8)Because the narrator felt somewhat guilty. Piquette stayed most of the time in the cottage and hardly played with the narrator. At the same time, she felt there was in Piquette something strange and unknown and unfathomable.

9)That was the very rare chance she was unguarded and unmasked, so that the author could perceive her inner world.

10)Her full name is Vanessa Macleod.

11)Just as the narrator's father predicted, the loons would go away when more cottages were built at the lake with more people moving in. The loons disappeared as nature was ruined by civilization. In a similar way, Piquette and her people failed to find their position in modern society. Ⅱ.

1)who looked deadly serious, never laughed

2)Sometimes old Jules, or his son Lazarus, would get involved in a rough, noisy quarrel or fight on a Saturday night after much drinking of liquor.

3)She often missed her classes and had little interest in schoolwork.

4)I only knew her as a person who would make other people feel ill at ease.

5)She lived and moved somewhere within my range of sight (Although I saw her, I paid little attention to her).

6)If my mother had to make a choice between Grandmother Macleod and Piquette, she would certainly choose the latter without hesitation, no matter whether the latter had nits or not.

7)Normally, she was a defensive person, and her face was guarded as if it was wearing a mask. But when she was saying this, there was an expression of challenge on her face, which, for a brief moment, became unguarded and unmasked. And in her eyes there was a kind of hope which was so intense that it filled people with terror.

8)She looked a mess, to tell you the truth; she was a dirty, untidy woman, dressed in a very careless way.

9)She was brought in court several times, because she was drunk and disorderly as one could expect.

III. See the translation of the text. IV.

1)-ious: religious, rebellious, furious, obvious, conscientious 2)-ible: edible, eligible, visible, resistible, sensible

3)-able：separable，passable， standable manageable，readable，under- 4)-1y：manly，godly，deadly，motherly，monthly

5)-ive：sensitive，objective，decisive，aggressive，retrospective 6)-ul：beautiful，careful，lawful，handful，joyful

7)-less：soundless，meaningless，merciless，restless powerless 8)-y：dirty，healthy，sticky，showy，cloudy

9)-al：personal，national，conventional，traditional，hysterical 10)-ar：singular，polar，circular，similar，familiar． Ⅴ.

1)walk in limping manner一瘸一拐地走路

2)presence that causes embarrassment令人尴尬的人(或事) 3)eyes that do not smile不会笑的眼睛 4)a sound that ululates哀鸣

5)mockery that chills令人发冷的嘲笑

6)a birch log that is burning还在燃烧的白桦圆木 7)hope that terrifies令人生畏的希望 8)a resort that flourishes繁华的度假胜地 9)odours that penetrate强烈的气味 10)lumber that is warped弯曲的木材

11)car tyres that are discarded被人扔掉的汽车轮胎 12)strands of barbed wire that are tangled together，wire that are barbed搅成一团团的铁丝网 13)wild strawberries that are bruised表皮被擦伤的野草莓 14)a tree trunk that has been fallen伐倒的树干 15)shoppers who are offended被得罪的顾客

16)call that is drawn out for a long time拖长音的呜叫声 Ⅵ．

the water glistening greenly as the sun caught it；

All around the cottage were ferns?on the thin hairy stems；

two grey squirrels gossiping from the tall spruce beside the cottage，beach； icy water；

at night the lake was like black glass with a streak of amber which was the path of the moon?：

and flew out onto the dark still surface of the water：

there was no wind that evening?spearing through the stillness across the lake； etc． Ⅶ．

1)a rough and noisy quarrel or fight 2)very much

3)I'm absolutely sure

4)Why is that important? Why should I care?

5)1 am not supposed to walk unless it is necessary． 6)things like that 7)what exactly

8)Are you crazy or what? My father and I and the others 9)first—class，fine name lO)excellent Ⅷ．

1)grabbed 2)lure 3)stifled 4)howling 5)swung 6)

thrashed 7)teetered 8)squawking even once 9)squashed lO)scrambled 11)flickered Ⅸ．

1)shack指胡乱搭盖的、简陋的小屋；home尤其指一个或长或短的住处，并与此地有着感情和忠诚的紧密个人联系。

2)bad words指有教养的人不讲的话；obscenities指令人讨厌的脏话。 3)miraculously意为“神奇地”，“奇迹般地”；strangely enough 意为“特别奇怪地”，强调了“奇怪”的程度。

4)cottage指乡村或旅游胜地的小屋；villa指用于避暑消闲的 阔气的乡间别墅。

5)meticulously指过于细心，太拘小节；carefully有精细彻底或辛勤努力地的意思，表示以小心谨慎陶行为来避免错误 的出现；curious hands为转换修辞用法，实际上不指手，而 指那个小孩好奇；strange—looking意为“奇怪的样子”，指人的表情、外表看上去奇特或奇怪。 6)sullen意为“愠怒的”、“赌气的”；unhappy是常用词，表示 “不高兴的”。 7)respectfully指满怀敬意地；respectably指值得尊敬地。

8)rebuff表示断然拒绝；refusal意为不能照办或不能做某事，其“拒绝”的语气强，常强调态度坚决，有时甚至是粗鲁无礼。

9)path这里是指一长道反射的月光；reflection意为“反射”或 “被反射”，尤指镜中或静水中之映像。

10)suspect意指认为某事可能存在或发生，近于猜想；doubt 则指怀疑，不相信。 11)respond意为“反应”，不仅表现在语言上，还指作出积极的 行动；reply指对提出的问题或要求，经过认真考虑后，通过 书面、口头或某种行动的方式作正式的答复或回答。12)astounded指非常惊讶；surprised语气稍轻一些。

13)conventional指与正式的标准或原则相符或被其接受；traditional指跟传统一致的；reject表示拒绝同意、承认或相 信；resent指对人或事感到不快或气愤。

14)settlement指一小块或孤立的居住区；smell是常用词，指 气味，香臭不论；odour常指较浓的、易察觉或辨别的气味， 如chemical odours。 X．

1)What about cycling to the Fragrant Hills?

2)Only after her mother's death did the daughter realize that she was beginning to understand her mother．

3)She is a quiet person who does not enjoy other's company．

4)Seeing the funny look on his face．she could not help bursting into laughter． 5)The money does not belong to him．He borrowed it from a friend．

6)The second generation of immigrants are stiIl marginalized，belonging neither among the white society，nor among the Chinese Amarican community．

7)The Amarican couple put him up on the sofa in the living room for the night．

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