商务英语泛读期末考试试卷A卷 - 图文

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***** ****** *****题号 得分 评卷人 复查人 长沙商贸旅游职业技术学院 2011学年第二学期 期末考试试卷 课程名称：商务英语泛读 课程编号： ■A卷 一 二 三 四 总分 题号 一 合分 一、Reading Comprehension Directions: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5 tasks f or you to f ulfill. Y ou should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks ns you are instructed.（在每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确答案，并将正确答案的序号填在题干后的括号内。本大题有4段短文，每段短文各有5小题，共20小题，每小题2分，共40分） * TASK 1 Unless we spend money to spot and prevent asteroids(小行星)now，one might *crash into Earth and destroy life as we know it，say some scientists.? *Asteroids are bigger versions of the meteoroids(流星)that race across the night *sky.Most orbit the sun far from Earth and don't threaten us. But there are also thousads whose orbits put them on a collision course with Earth.? * Buy $ 50 million worth of new telescopes right now. Then spend $ 10 million a *year for the next 25 years to locate most of the space rocks. By the time we spot a fatal one，the scientists say，we'll have a way to change its course.? * Some scientists favor pushing asteroids off course with nuclear weapons. But * the cost wouldn't be cheap.? Is it worth it? Two things experts consider when judging any risk are: 1) How * *

likely the event is; and 2) How bad the consequences if the event occurs.Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike Earth once eve ry 500，000 years.Sounds pretty rare-but if one did fall，it would be the end of the world.“If we don't take care of these big asteroids，they'll take care of us，”says one scientist.“It's that simple.”? The cure，though，might be worse than the disease.Do we really want fleets of nuclear weapons sitting around on Earth?“The world has less to fear from doomsday(毁灭性的) rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against them，” said a New York Times article. 1. What does the passage say about asteroids and meteoroids? A) They are heavenly bodies different in composition. B) They are heavenly bodies similar in nature. C) There are more asteroids than meteoroids. D) Asteroids are more mysterious than meteoroids. 2. What do scientists say about the collision of an asteroid with Earth? A) It is very unlikely but the danger exists. B) Such a collision might occur once every 25 years. C) Collisions of smaller asteroids with Earth occur more often than expected. D) It's still too early to say whether such a collision might occur.. 3. What do people think of the suggestion of using nuclear weapons to alter the course of asteroids? A) It sounds practical but it may not solve the problem. B) It may create more problems than it might solve. C) It is a waste of money because a collision of asteroids with Earth is very unlikely. D) Further research should be done before it is proved applicable. 4. We can conclude from the passage that . A) while pushing asteroids off course nuclear weapons would destroy the world B) asteroids racing across the night sky are likely to hit Earth in the near future C) the worry about asteroids can be left to future generations since it is unlikely to happen in our lifetime D) workable solutions still have to be found to prevent a collision of asteroids with Earth. 5. Which of the following best describes the author's tone in this pass age? A) Optimistic. B) Critical. C) Objective. D) Arbitrary. 系部 专业 班级 学号 姓名 装 订 第 1 页 共 7 页

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***** ****** ****** ******* * TASK 2 Believe it or not，optical illusion (错觉) can cut highway crashes. Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes，called chevrons (人字形)painted on the roads make drivers think that they are d riving faster than they really are，and thus drivers slow down. Now the American Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to rep eat Japan's success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes. Excessive speed plays a major role role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation .To help reduce those accidents，the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed - related hazards are the greatest - curves，exit slopes，traffic circles，and bridges. Some studies suggest that straight，horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However，traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bar. Chevrons，scientists say，not only give drivers the impress ion that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane spear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents. 6. The passage mainly discusses . A) a new way of highway speed control B) a new pattern for painting highways C) a new approach to training drivers D) a new type of optical illusion 7. On roads painted with chevrons drivers tend to feel that. A) they should avoid speed - related hazards B) they are driving in the wrong lane C) they should slow down their speed D) they are approaching the speed limit 8. The advantage of chevrons over straight，horizontal bars is that the former . A) can keep drivers awake B) can cut road accidents in half C) will have a longer effect on drivers D) will look more attractive 9. The American Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to . A) try out the Japanese method in certain areas B) change the road signs across the country C) replace straight，horizontal bars with chevrons D) repeat the Japanese road patterns 10. What does the author say about straight，horizontal bars painted acr oss roads? A) They are falling out of use in the United States. B) They tend to be ignored by drivers in a short period of time. C) They are applicable only on broad roads. D) They cannot be applied successfully to traffic circles.. TASK 3 The January fashion show, called FutureFashion, exemplified how far green design has come. Organized by the New York-based nonprofit Earth Pledge, the show inspired many top designers to work with sustainable fabrics for the first time. Several have since made pledges to include organic fabrics in their lines. The designers who undertake green fashion still face many challenges. Scott Hahn, cofounder with Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate, which uses all-organic cotton, says high-quality sustainable materials can still be tough to find. “Most designers with existing labels are finding there aren’t comparable fabrics that can just replace what you’re doing and what your customers are used to,” he says. For example, organic cotton and non-organic cotton are virtually indistinguishable once woven into a dress. But some popular synthetics, like stretch nylon, still have few eco-friendly equivalents. Those who do make the switch are finding they have more support. Last year the influential trade show Designers & Agents stopped charging its participation fee for young green entrepreneurs（企业家）who attend its two springtime shows in Los Angeles and New York and gave special recognition to designers whose collections are at least 25% sustainable. It now counts more than 50 green designers, up from fewer than a dozen two years ago. This week Wal-Mart is set to announce a major initiative aimed at helping cotton farmers go organic: it will buy transitional （过渡型的）cotton at higher prices, thus helping to expand the supply of a key sustainable material. “Mainstream is about to occur,” says Hahn. Some analysts （分析师）are less sure. Among consumers, only 18% are even aware that ecofashion exists, up from 6% four years ago. Natalie Hormilla, a fashion writer, is an example of the unconverted consumer. When asked if she owned any sustainable clothes, she replied: “Not that I’m aware of.” Like most consumers, she finds little time to shop, and when she does, she’s on the hunt for “cute stuff that isn’t too expensive.” By her own admission, green just isn’t yet on her mind. But—thanks to the combined efforts of designers, retailers and suppliers—one day it will be. 系部 专业 班级 学号 姓名 装 订 *

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***** ****** ****** ******* * 11. What is said about Future Fashion? A） It inspired many leading designers to start going green. B） It showed that designers using organic fabrics would go far. C） It served as an example of how fashion shows should be organized. D） It convinced the public that fashionable clothes should be made durable. 12. According to Scott Hahn, one big challenge to designers who will go organic is that ____. A） much more time is needed to finish a dress using sustainable materials B） they have to create new brands for clothes made of organic materials C） customers have difficulty telling organic from non-organic materials D） quality organic replacements for synthetics are not readily available 13. We learn from Paragraph 3 that designers who undertake green fashion ____. A） can attend various trade shows free B） are readily recognized by the fashion world C） can buy organic cotton at favorable prices D） are gaining more and more support 14. What is Natalie Hormilla’s attitude toward ecofashion? A） She doesn’t seem to care about it. B） She doesn’t think it is sustainable. C） She is doubtful of its practical value. D） She is very much opposed to the idea. 15. What does the author think of green fashion? A） Green products will soon go mainstream. B） It has a very promising future. C） Consumers have the final say. D） It will appeal more to young people. TASK 4 Why does cream go bad faster than butter? Some researchers think they the answer，and it comes down to the structure of the food，not its chemical composition - a finding that could help rid some processed foods of chemical preservatives. C ream and butter contain pretty much the same substances，so why cream should sou r much faster has been a mystery. Both are emulsions - tiny globules(小球)of one liquid evenly distributed throughout another. The difference lies in what's in the globules and what's in the surrounding liquid，says Brocklehurst，who led the investigation. In cream，fatty globules and what's in the surrounding liquid，says Brocklehurst，who led the investigation. In cream，fatty globules drift about in a sea of water. In butter，globules of a watery solution are locked away in a sea of fat. The bacteria which make the food go bad prefer to live in the watery regions of the mixture. ”This means that in cream，the bacteria are free to grow throughout the mixture，”he says. When the situation is reversed，the bacteria are locked away in compartments (密封仓) buried deep in the sea of fat. Trapped in this way，individual colonies cannot spread and rapidly run out of nutrients. They also slowly poison themselves with their waste products.” In butter，you get a self - limiting system which stops the bacteria growing，”says Brocklehurst. The researchers are already working with food com panies keen to see if their products can be made resistant to bacterial attack through alterations to the food's structure. Brocklehurst believes it will be possible to make the emulsions used in salad cream，for instance，more like that in butter. The key will be to do this while keeping the salad cream liquid and not turning it into a solid lump. 16. The significance of Brocklehurst's research is that ______ . A) it suggested a way to keep some foods fresh without preservatives B) it discovered tiny globules in both cream and butter C) it revealed the secret of how bacteria multiply in cream and butter D) it found that cream and butter share the same chemical composition 17. According to the researchers. cream sours faster than butter because bacteria_____ . A) are more evenly distributed in cream B) multiply more easily in cream than is butter C) live on less fat in cream than in butter D) produce less waste in cream than in butter 18. According to Brocklehurst，we can keep cream fresh by ______ . A) removing its fat B) killing the bacteria C) reducing its water content D) altering its structure 19. The word “colonies”(Line 2，Para.4) refers to ______ . A) tiny globules B) watery regions C) bacteria communities D) little compartments 20. Commercial application of the research finding will be possible if salad cream can be made resistant to bacterial attack ______ . A) by varying its chemical composition B) by turning it into a solid lump C) while keeping its structure unchanged D) while retaining its liquid form 系部 专业 班级 学号 姓名 装 订 *

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系部 专业 班级 学号 姓名 ****题号 二 合分 quickly with writing practice. I often see a rise in student confidence and __28__ after only a few weeks of journal writing. Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach to strengthen the whole student. When my students practice journal writing, they are practicing for their future academic, political, and __29__ lives. They build skills so that some day they might write a great novel, a piece of sorely needed legislation, or the perfect love letter. Every day that they write in their journals puts them a step __30_ to fluency, eloquence （雄辩），and command of language. A） closer I） painful B） daily J） performance C） emotional K） profession D） enhance L） remarkably E） enormous M） require F） especially N） sensitive G） hinder O） urge H） mission TEXT B Fire can 31 many things. It is dangerous to everyone, but it is 32 useful. We cannot live without 33.In other words, fire is both the 34 and enemy of us. This 35 on whether we use it wisely or not. To the people 36 live in the forest area, fire is particularly dangerous. It is the location 37 most of their houses are made of wood, which 38 catches fire. Especially in winter the air is 39 and the wind is often 40 .If one of these houses is on fire, the wind will 41 the fire to the neighboring houses quickly, and the fire will soon 42 all over the area. If this happens 43 , it may not be too bad. 44 if it happens at night, the situation will be very bad, for most people are 45 ,and 二、Reading in Depth Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to * select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank *****following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. (将正确答案的序号填入题中 订* 的括号内，错选、多选均不得分。本大题共30小空，每空1分,共30分) *****TEXT A Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that writing is too hard. They never write, unless assignments __21__ it. They find the writing process __22_ and difficult. How awful to be able to speak in a language but not to write in it --- __23__ * English, with its rich vocabulary. Being able to speak but not write is like living in ******* an __24__ mansion(豪宅) and never leaving one small room. When I meet students who think they can’t write, I knots, as a teacher my __25__ is to show them the rest of the rooms. My task is to build fluency while providing the opportunity inherent in any writing activity to __26__ the moral and emotional development of my students. One great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every day. Writing ability is like strength training. Writing needs to be done __27__, just 装 * like exercise; just as muscles grow stronger with exercise, writing skills improve *

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系部 专业 班级 学号 姓名 ***** *****many of them cannot run away in time. If they can, they will just 46 all the things behind. Some people even do not know 47 is going on, and they 48 in their dreams. We should do our best to49 the breakout of fire, which is mostly caused by people’s carelessness. Therefore, not only the people of the 50 areas but everyone else should be very careful in using fire. 31．A. make B. build C. lose D. destroy 32．A. also B. too C. hardly D. not 33．A. water B. air C. food D. fire 34．A. help B. friend C. companion D. neighbor 35．A. happens B. lies C. depends D. decides 36．A. where B. which C. what D. who 37．A. because B. so C. why D. that away. When he wants to go outside, he doesn’t take Cuddles out for walk—Cuddles takes him for a walk. Cuddles is clearly no ordinary family pet. It is a two-foot-high miniature horse and serves as the guiding eyes of Shaw, who is blind. When Shaw lost his sight, his wife suggested he apply for a guide dog. Shaw, an animal lover, said he couldn’t bear to part with a dog (which usually lives about eight to ten years) and get used to a new one, perhaps several times in his life. Then Shaw heard of a program about the tiny guide horses. He learned that the horse possess many qualities that that make them an excellent choice for guiding people. They are clean friendly, smart and have great memories. They can be trained to remain calm in noisy and crowded places. Best of all, they live for 25-25years, which would enable Shaw to have the same guide companion for most or all of his life. Shaw immediately applied to be and was accepted as the first person to receive a guide horse. The instant he met Cuddles, he knew he was making the right choice. Then he began his training. Through training ,Shaw and Cuddles learned to find way on busy streets, step over curbs（便道沿儿）and find elevator buttons. Cuddles even demonstrated（显示）its ability to step in front of Shaw and block him, to prevent him from walking into a dangerous situation. The little horse also expertly led Shaw through busy shopping malls. They got along without any difficulties. Now Shaw is confident that Cuddles will change his life for the better. * 38．A. easily B. hardly C. carefully D. friendly 39．A. thick B. thin C. wet D. dry *40．A. cold B. freezing C. gentle D. strong *41．A. make B. let C. blow D. give ***42．A. cross B. pass C. happen D. spread 43．A. at night B. on Sunday C. in the evening D. in the day time 44．A. But B. When C. So D. Even 45．A. careless B. sleeping C. afraid D. frightened 订 * 46．A. leave B. take C. bring D. have 47．A. that B. what C. who D. which *48．A. think B. smile C. die D. live *49．A. help B. prevent C. develop D. keep ***** * *

50．A. city B. developing C. factory D. forest 题号 合分 装 三 三、answer the questions (本大题共10小题，每小题2分,共20分。) TEXT A When Dan Shaw gets up from the sofa in his home, Cuddles is never far 第 5 页 共 7 页

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