???1?n1,由当x=-1时,级数变为??2知级数收敛,?n?n?1?nn?1n?n?1?n?1n?n?1??11是收敛的交错级数,故收敛域为[-1,1].
xn?1记S?x???则S(0)=0,xS?x???,
n??n??n?1n?1n?1n?1??xn?xS?x?????x?xn?1?n?1?1 (x≠1) 1?x所以?0?xS?x????dx??ln?1?x? 即?xS?x?????ln?1?x?
?dx??ln?1?x?dx??1?x?ln?1?x??x ????xSx?0?0xx即xS?x???1?x?ln?1?x??x
???1当x≠0时,S?x??1????ln1?x?,又当x=1时,可求得S(1)=1
??limS?x??lim?1?(∵n??n???1???1) n?1?1?x综上所述
x?0?0, S?x???x?1?1,??1??1?1?ln?1?x?,x??1,0???0,1???????x?26.设f(x)是周期为2π的周期函数,它在(-π,π]上的表达式为
?2?π?x?0, f?x???3?x0?x?π.试问f(x)的傅里叶级数在x=-π处收敛于何值?
解:所给函数满足狄利克雷定理的条件,x=-π是它的间断点,在x=-f??π???f??π??131??π?2???2?π3? π处,f(x)的傅里叶级数收敛于
222 308
27.写出函数f?x?????1?π?x?0的傅里叶级数的和函数. 2?x0?x?π解:f(x)满足狄利克雷定理的条件,根据狄利克雷定理,在连续点处级数收敛于f(x),在间断点x=0,x=±π处,分别收敛于
f?0???f?0??1f?π???f?π??π2?1f??π???f??π??π2?1,,综??,??222222上所述和函数.
??1?x2??S?x????1?2?π2?1??2?π?x?00?x?πx?0x??π
28.写出下列以2π为周期的周期函数的傅里叶级数,其中f(x)在[-π,π)上的表达式为:
?π????(1)fx??4??π??40?x?π,
?π?x?0;(2)f?x??x2??π?x?π?;
π?π?,?π?x??,?22?ππ??x?, (3)f?x????x,22?π?π,?x?π;?22?(4)f?x??cosx2??π?x?π?.
309
解:(1)函数f(x)满足狄利克雷定理的条件,x=nπ,n∈z是其间断点,在间断占处f(x)的傅里叶级数收敛于
f?0???f?0??2π?π?????4?4???0,在x≠nπ,有
2an?1π10?π?1ππfxcosnxdx??cosnxdx?cosnxdx?0 ???????-π?π0ππ?4?π41π10?π?1ππbn??f?x?sinnxdx?????sinnxdx??sinnxdxπ-ππ?π?4?π04?0,n?2,4,6,?,???1,n?1,3,5,?.??n
于是f(x)的傅里叶级数展开式为
f?x???1sin?2n?1?x (x≠nπ) 2n?1n?1?(2)函数f(x)在(-∞,+∞)上连续,故其傅里叶级数在(-∞,+∞)上收敛于f(x),注意到f(x)为偶函数,从而f(x)cosnx为偶函数,f(x)sinnx为奇函数,于是
1π1π22π2bn??f?x?sinnxdx?0,a0??xdx?,
π-ππ-π3an?1π2π24nfxcosnxdx?xcosnxdx??1? (n=1,2,…) ????π?-ππ?0n2所以,f(x)的傅里叶级数展开式为:
π2?4nf?x??????1??2cosnx (-∞ 3n?1n(3)函数在x=(2n+1)π (n∈z)处间断,在间断点处,级数收敛于0,当x≠(2n+1)π时,由f(x)为奇函数,有an=0,(n=0,1,2,…) 310 ππ?2π2?πbn??f?x?sinnxdx???2xsinnxdx??πsinnxdx?π0π?022? 12nπn????1??2sin?n?1,2,??nnπ2所以 2nπ?n?11?f?x??????1???2sin?sinnx (x≠(2n+1)π,n∈z) nnπ2?n?1??(4)因为f?x??cos作为以2π为周期的函数时,处处连续,故其傅里叶级数收敛于f(x),注意到f(x)为偶函数,有bn=0(n=1,2,…), 1πx2πxan??coscosnxdx??coscosnxdxπ-π2π021π??1?1??????cos?n??x?cos?n??x?dxπ0??2?2?????1?1???sinn?xsinn????x?1??2?2???????11π??n?n???22??01?n?14????1??2??n?0,1,2,??π?4n?1?πx2 所以f(x)的傅里叶级数展开式为: 24?n?1cosnx f?x??????1?2ππn?14n?1x∈[-π,π] 29.将下列函数f(x)展开为傅里叶级数: (1)f?x???π4x2??π?x?π? (2)f?x??sinx?0?x?2π? 1π1π?πx?π解:(1) a0??-πf?x?cosnxdx???π???dx? ππ?42?2an?1π?πx?1π1π?cosnxdx?cosnxdx?xcosnxdx??????π-π-ππ?42?42π 1π??sinnx??π?0?0?n?1,2,??4n311 bn?1π?πx?1π1π?sinnxdx?sinnxdx?xsinnxdx??????π-π-ππ?42?42π n1???1??nπ?nsinnx故f?x??????1? (-π 4n?1n(2)所给函数拓广为周期函数时处处连续, 因此其傅里叶级数在[0,2π]上收敛于 f(x),注意到f(x)为偶函数,有 bn=0,a0?1π1πfxcos0xdx?sinxdx ?????π?πππ2π4??sinxdx?π0πan?2π2πfxcosnxdx?sinxcosnxdx????0?πππ1π???sin?n?1?x?sin?n?1?x?dx??0π?2?n??1??1??2??π?n?1?n?1,3,5,??0,????4,n?2,4,6,??π?n2?1?? 所以 2??4cos2nx (0≤x≤2π) f?x????2πn?1π?4n?1?30.设f(x)=x+1(0≤x≤π),试分别将f(x)展开为正弦级数和余弦级数. 解:将f(x)作奇延拓,则有an=0 (n=0,1,2,…) bn??2π2πfxsinnxdx????x?1?sinnxdx??00ππ21???1??1?π??πnnn 2?1???1??1?π?从而f?x???sinnx (0 πn?1n 312 百度搜索“77cn”或“免费范文网”即可找到本站免费阅读全部范文。收藏本站方便下次阅读,免费范文网,提供经典小说综合文库高等数学上复旦第三版 课后习题答案(6)在线全文阅读。
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