Test four

Test four

Ⅰ. In each question there are four choices. Decide which one would be the best answer to the question, or best completes the sentence. (20%)

1. The word “language” is sometimes used to refer to the whole of a person’s language

called______.

A. scientific language B. idiolect C. colloquial language D. formal language 2. Which of the following words is entirely arbitrary?

A. tree B. crash C. typewriter D. bang 3. The function of the sentence “a nice day, isn’t?” is______.

A. directive B. information C. performative D. phatic

4. The function of the sentence “Water boils at 100 degrees centigrade” is ____. A. interrogative B. directive C. informative D. perfomative

5. The International Phonetic Association devised the INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC

ALPHABET in _____.

A. 1965 B.1957 C.1962 D.1888

6. Which of the following sounds is a voiced bilabial stop? A. [m] B. [v] C.[p] D. [b]

7. Which of the following sounds is a voiceless affricate? A. [w] B. [f] C. [t] D. [n] 8. Which of the following sounds is a monophthong? A. [i] B. [ ] C.[] D. []

9. “Hot dog” with the first element stressed means_____.

A. an overheated animal B. a kind of food C. a barking dog D. a dead dog 10. there are _____morphemes in the word “cats”.

A. one B. two C. three D. four 11. there are _____morphemes in the word “gentlemanliness”. A. four B. five C. six D. senen 12. in English, “un-”and “dis-”are called_____.

A. prefixes B. infixes C. suffixes D. grammatical words

13. the words “take” and “table” are called _____because they can occur unattached.

A. inflectional morphemes B. form words C. bound morphemes D. free morphemes 14. The phrase “men and women” belongs to the _____ construction.

A. predicate B. coordinate C. subordinate D. exocentric 15. ______ refers to a construction where one clause is coordinated with another. A. Embedding B. Recursiveness C. conjoining D.Cohension 16. which of the following two-term sets shows the feature of complementarity? A. single/married B. lend/borrow C. hot/cold D. old/young 17. what is the syllabic structure of the word “stamp”? A. CV B. CVCC C. CCVCC D. CCVC

18. which of the following language has the syllabic writing system? A. Chinese B. Japanese C. English D. French

19. what is the meaning relationship between the two words “flower/rose”?

A. Homonymy B. Antonymy C. Polysemy D. Hyponymy 20. Noam Chomsky is a(n) ____ linguist.

A. French B. British C. American D. Russian

Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks with the most sultable words. Each blank represents only ONE word. (40%) 1. Linguistic is a branch of science which takes ____as its object of investigation.

2. A linguistic study is ____if it describes and analyses facts observed; it is ____if it tries to lay

down rules for “correct” behaviour.

3. Competence is the ideal language user’s knowledge of the rules of his ____. ____is the actual

realization of this knowledge in utterances.

4. Generally speaking, we can divide phonetics into at least three branches: _____ phonetics,

_____phonetics and _____ phonetics.

5. Morphology is generally divided into two fields: the study of _____ and _____ 6. the three subtypes of affixes are _____,_____ and _______

7. in order to reduce the ambiguity of the term “word”, the term “____” is postulated as the

abstract unit which refers to the smallest unit in the meaning system of a language that can be distinguished from other smaller units.

8. IC Analysis can be represented in different ways such as tree diagrams or _____.

9. _______ construction refers to two or more words, phrases or clauses having equivalent

syntactic status.

10. _______ means idea picture or idea writing.

11. the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis has two thrusts: linguistic ____ and linguistic _____.

12. Traditional grammar lays emphasis on correctness, linguistic excellence, the use of _____

models and the priority of the written language.

Ⅲ. Translate the following terms into English. (5%)

1.语音学 2. 语素 3. 句法 4. 直接成分 5. 声调语言

Ⅳ.Translate the following terms into Chinese.(5%) 1. design features_____________________________ 2. psycholinguistics_____________________________ 3. complementary distribution__________________ 4. componential analysis____________ 5. pragmatics__________________

Ⅴ.Explain the following terms in English.(20%)

1. allophones_________________________________________________________________ 2. phonology_________________________________________________________________ 3. morpheme___________________________________________________________________ 4. reference_________________________________________________________________

5. idiolect_________________________________________________________________

Ⅵ.Answer the following question in English. (10%)

How can a linguist make his analysis of language as scientific as possible?

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