电大《英语国家概况》科目期末考试考试精华版小抄【最新精品】

2017电大《英语国家概况》科目考试精华版小抄

?美国经济特点（五个）:1,free enterprise system.2,All the 50 states have been active in education and in building roads.3,

system.It was founded in 1694 and was nationalized in 1964 in order to formalize its role as a public institution and instrument of government control.--其中一个手段bank rate.

Government plays an important role in US economy.4,Farmers ?British economic problem:One of an adverse payment are efficient in the production of grain.5,benefits a lot from its balance rather than one of inflation,but there has been sale of weapons to other countries.

?US is NO.1 grain exporter.NO.1 military weapons seller and the only military superpower in the world.

inflation also.

?USA：Situated in the central part of North America with its two youngest states - Alaska in the northwestern part of

?英国经济特点（四个）:1,Its economy is the first to have been North America and Hawaii in the central Pacific Ocean, the

United States of America is bounded by Canada on the north fully industrialized.2,British agriculture does not produce

enough food to meet the country's basic food.part of all vital and by Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico on the south, with the

foodstuffs has to be imported.3,British industry is operated by Atlantic Ocean on the east and the Pacific Ocean on the west. different types of firms--(small family business/the great public corporation operating numerous plants.)4,British labour force is remarkably homogeneous.

美国?Northeast section is called the''Industrial Northeast''。

The total area of the country is 9372,614 square kilometers. USA? Most of the USA is in the temperate zone

USA?The three divisions:1,eastern part--Appalachian range阿巴拉契亚山脉.1200 miles long，consists of the Piedmont

?American agricultural belts:1,The largest agricultural area in Plateau(东), Appalachian Plateau(西) and Appalachian

Range(中). Northeast and around five Great Lakes--The belt of

cheese.2,western part--The belt of wheat.3,South of the Great ?Atlantic Coastal Plain:begins south of New York City,includes

Lakes--The belt of corn.4,southeast,Atlantic coast to eastern the entire peninsula of Fiorida in the south. part of Texas--The belt of cotton.5,Pacific coast--fruits,vegetables,wheat./California

?Canada--is the largest single source of goods imported by USA.

?Federal Reserve System--is the US federal banking system

2,western part--The Cordillera Range科迪勒拉山脉：

Composed of the Coast Range(西), the Cascades (中)and the Rocky Mountains(东).

?Yellow stone National Park黄石国家公园：Located in the northern part of Wyoming. It is the oldest national park in the

and bank note issuing authority,which was founded in 1913 to world and the largest wildlife preserve in the U.S.A.The park regulate the country's credit and monetary affairs,The system got its name from the yellow rocks lining the Yellowstone River. is made up of 12 federal reserve banks and their 25 branches ?Grand Canyon大峡谷：In northern Arizona, one of the great

natural wonders of the world. It measures about 277 miles and other facilities in the country.

?How does Federal Reserve influence the volume of bank?--The Federal Reserves influence the volume of bank lending by influencing the volume of excess reserves.This is done through its own lending policy to banks and through

long, up to 18 miles wide, and more than a mile deep. Its walls show layers that tell the story of the formation of the earth. ?Death valley: In eastern of california .it's the lowest point in the whole of North America.

'open-market operations'.Open-market operation consists of 3,Central Plain.from Great Lakes in the North to the Gulf of

the purchase and sale of securities by the Federal Reserve in Mexico in the South.其西部被称为Great plains，东部是central the open market.When the Federal Reserve buys

lowlands，the most important agricultural area。

securities,bank reserves are created,whereas when the Federal ?American rivers:1,the system of the Gulf of Mexico.2,the

Reserves sells securities ,bank reserves are reduced.When the system of the Atlantic ocean.3,the system of the Pacific ocean. Federal Reserve follows a policy of monetary easing,by allowing bank reserves to grow rapidly,bank lending will increase and the rate of interest will be low.On the other

?The Mississippi River密西西比河：The longest, the most important river in the system of the Gulf in U.S.A.It flows from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico.having a length of 6262

hand ,a policy of monetary tightness will restrict the growth of kilometers.Two of its largest tributaries are Missouri and Ohio.

?The Five Great Lakes北美五大湖：Lake Michigan, Superior, bank credit and increase the rate of interest.

?bonds:They are another type of investment,which are very

Erie, Huron and Ontario.

popular in the United States of America.The bond itself is the ?Great Salt Lake:it's the largest inland salt lake in North

borrower's written promise to repay the loan at a certain rate America of interest on the borrowed money.

?The Bank of England: is the centre of the British financial

?UK：Situated in Northwestern Europe, lying to the north of France and the west of the Netherlands, Denmark and Norway, the United kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is

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