17年专插本公共课英语真题详解(3)

解析：从最后一段“old, cold, uncomfortable nineteenth century houses 和 with only an outside toilet and no bathroom.”得知，19 世纪的房子又旧又冷，非常不舒服，而且只有一个室外厕所，没 有 独 立 卫 生 间 。 但 “ new “high rise” blocks of flats to live in which, with central heating and bathrooms, were much more comfortable and were surrounded by grassy open spaces.”新的“高

楼”公寓，里面有中央供暖设备和卫生间，房子周围是长满青草的空地，相比之下舒适得多。故本题选 C。

40. Which of the following might be the best title of this passage?

A. British Culture B. Houses, Not Flats C. British Dream D. Kinds of Houses 40. 题目：以下哪个选项能作为本文的最佳标题？

A. 英国文化。 B. 住房，非公寓住房。 C. 英国梦。 D. 住房类型。 解析：选项 A 范围太大了，本文只是以住房文化为主，故排除 A。排除选项 C，毫无关联。 选项 D，房子的类型，本文不是介绍房子的类型。本文是讲述英国人不喜欢住公寓，喜欢住 独立的大房子。故本题选 B。

Passage 3

When we are not engaged in thinking about some definite problem, we usually spend about 95 percent of our time thinking about ourselves. Now, if we stop thinking about ourselves for a while and begin to think of other persons’ good points, things will be quite different.

One of the most neglected virtues is appreciation. Somehow, we neglect to praise our son or daughter when he or she brings home a good report card, and we fail to encourage our children when they first succeed in baking a cake or building a birdhouse. Nothing pleases children more than this kind of parental interest and approval.

The next time you enjoy delicious food at a restaurant, send word to the cook that it is excellently prepared, and when a tired salesperson shows you unusual politeness, please mention it. Every minister, lecturer and public speaker knows the discouragement of pouring himself or herself out to an audience and not receiving any appreciative comment. What applies to professionals applies doubly to workers in offices, shops and factories and our families and friends. In our interpersonal relations we should never forget that all our associates are human beings and hunger for appreciation. It is the legal tender that all souls enjoy.

Try to be friendly and appreciative in your daily life, and you’ll be surprised how they will change your life and the world.

译文：我们不去专心思考某个明确问题时，常常花费大约 95%的时间去考虑我们自己。 现在，如果我们暂时停止考虑自己，开始去想别人的优点，事情就会变得截然不同。

我们日常生活中最容易忽略的美德之一就是赞赏。不知何故，当儿女从学校带回家一份 出色的成绩报告时，我们常常忘记去赞扬他们。当儿女第一次成功烤出蛋糕或搭建一个鸟巢 时，我们未曾给予过任何鼓励与支持。父母亲的这种关心和赞许最能让孩子们开心。

下次你欣赏到俱乐部里漂亮的烤里脊肉时，要转告厨师，烤里脊肉做得很棒；当一名神 情疲惫的售货员向你露出异乎寻常的礼貌时，请赞扬这一点。

每一位牧师、演讲者和公共发言人都知道，当他们对观众倾其所有演讲却得不到一丝赞 扬时，是多么沮丧。适用于专业人员的东西，对办公室、商店和工厂的员工，以及我们的亲 友加倍适用。在我们的人际关系中，我们千万不要忘记我们结交的都是人，都渴望赞赏。这

11

在日常生活中，要设法留下感激的小小火花，留下友谊的痕迹。你会惊讶地发现，这些 小小举措会改变你的人生甚至整个世界。

41. According to the passage, people . A. spend a lot of time thinking about others B. think about themselves most of the time C. spend little time thinking about themselves D. think more about others than themselves 41. 题目：根据文章，人们 。

A. 花了大量时间为他人着想。 B. 大部分时间为自身着想。 C. 很少为自身着想。

D. 比起自身，更多时间在考虑别人。

解析：从第一段“we usually spend about 95 percent of our time thinking about ourselves”得 知本题选 B。

42. The writer criticizes the parents who . A. ignore their children’s achievements B. are not interested in baking a cake C. set high demands upon their children

D. don’t help out when their kids have difficulties 42. 题目：作者批评 的父母。

A. 忽略孩子们成果。 B. 对烤蛋糕不感兴趣。

C. 对孩子们抱有过高的期望。

D. 当孩子们遇到困难都不施以援手。

解析：从第二段“we neglect to praise our son or daughter when he or she brings home a good report card, and we fail to encourage our children when they first succeed in baking a cake or building a birdhouse.”得知本题选 A。

43. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to .

A. delicious food B. a restaurant C. the cook D. unusual politeness 43. 题目：第三段含有下划线的“it”指的是 。

A. 美味的食物。 B. 餐厅。 C. 厨师。

D. 异乎寻常的礼貌。

解析：结合上下文，第三段最后的 it 代指正是前文的“unusual politeness”。故本题选 D。

44. According to the passage, .

A. kids need encouragement more than adults

B. professionals need appreciation more than workers C. appreciation is not necessary for family members

12

D. everyone needs appreciation and encouragement 44. 题目：根据文章， 。

A. 比起大人，孩子们更需要鼓励。 B. 比起工人，教授更需要赞赏。

C. 对于家庭成员，赞赏并不是必要的。 D. 人人都需要赞赏和鼓励。

解析：从第四段得知，all our associates are human beings and hunger for appreciation. 人人都 需要赞赏和鼓励，因此本题选 D。

45. The writer believes that .

A. people often appreciate things other people do B. people seldom appreciate things other people do

C. say “thanks” to someone, and you’ll soon become friends D. express your gratitude to others, and they will pass it on 45. 题目：作者认为 。

A. 人们通常赞赏他人做的事情。 B. 人们很少赞赏他人做的事情。 C. 对某人说声“谢谢”，就会广结朋友、

D. 对他人表达感激之情，他人会把这份感激之情传递下去。

解析：从第一段“we usually spend about 95 percent of our time thinking about ourselves.”和 第二段“One of the most neglected virtues is appreciation.”得出作者认为我们在日常生活中 缺乏表达赞赏和感激之情。本题选 B。

Passage 4

Industrial robots are already working in many factories around the world and in our homes, for instance as smart vacuum cleaners. Scientists say in a few years we will start seeing so-called “social robots,” capable of engaging with people.

Today’s robots can build cars and explore underwater objects. But interacting with people is more complex than simply taking an incoming message, says Massachusetts Institute of Technology researcher Cynthia Breazeal.

“Social robots really interact with people in ways you feel like you’re interacting with someone rather than something,” she said. “And social robots are really designed to engage you in much more of an interaction that feels like a cooperation or partnership.”

At the Naval Research Laboratory, near Washington, scientists are researching which features robots should have to be able to live with humans. Researcher Alan Schultz says social robots must be adapted to social situations.

“You know if you’re going to have robots out in the wild, so to speak, they have to follow our standards and they have to do things in the way we expect, so that we can move about our environment and not be interrupted by them or have to think hard about the fact that they’re around us,” he said.

Social robots do not necessarily have to have a human face. Steve Cousins, the CEO of Savioke Robotics in Cupertino, California, says their robot called Botlr is already being tested in a hotel, delivering small items to people.

“It’s designed to be in human space and interact with people and around people,” he said.

13

“So it interacts with the front desk agent when they’re sending it somewhere. It interacts with people in the elevator as it’s going along. And, it interacts with people at the door when the delivery arrives.”

So far, social robots are limited to very simple tasks like relaying messages or taking family photos. But Cynthia Breazeal, who designed this one, says their abilities may be extended into many different areas.

译文：工业机器人在世界各地的工厂包括家庭中都已经有所应用，例如智能真空吸尘器。 科学家表示，几年后，我们将会开始看到所谓的“社交机器人”，它们能够和人打交道。

今天我们所使用的机器人可以用来制造汽车或探索水下物体。但麻省理工学院研究员 Cynthia Breazeal 表示，与人进行交流可比单纯的接收信息复杂得多。 “社交机器人与人类之间的互动方式会让你觉得你是在和另外一个人互动，而不是和某 东西在互动，”她说道。“它的设计初衷就是为了能让人们参与更多社会互动，建立一种合作 或伙伴关系。”

在华盛顿附近的海军研究实验室里，科学家们正在研究机器人要能够和人类共同生活， 需要具备什么样的特征。研究者艾伦·舒尔茨则表示，社交机器人必须要适应社会环境。

他说“如果要让机器人在自然社会环境下生活，可以这么说，它们必须遵守我们的标准， 必须按照我们的预期行事，这样我们才能够在周围环境中活动，而不会被它们打扰，或者说 不必去担心它们在周围会打扰到我们。”

社交机器人不一定要具有人类的面孔。加州库比蒂诺市 Savioke 机器人公司的 CEO 史蒂 夫·考辛斯说，他们的 Botlr 机器人已经在一家酒店进行了测试，能够向人们提供一些小件 物品。

“它就是被设计成能够在人类的空间里，和人或周围的人进行互动的。”“所以把它放在 前台，它就会跟前台的人互动，在电梯里就会和电梯里的人互动，同样收到快递时会跟站在 门口的快递员互动。

到目前为止，社交机器人仅限于能完成一些非常简单的任务，比如传递消息或者拍摄家 庭照片。但是机器人设计师辛西娅·布雷泽尔说，机器人的功能也可以扩展到许多不同的领 域中去。

46. What will social robots do according to the scientists? A. They will cooperate with people. B. They will clean the big house.

C. They will explore underwater objects. D. They will build different kinds of cars.

46. 题目：从科学家口中得知，社交机器人在未来会做什么？

A. 它们会与人们合作共事。 B. 它们会清理大房间。 C. 它们会探索水下物体。

D. 它们会制造不同类型的汽车。 解析：科学家的说话是在第一段，故本题锁定第一段的内容。从第一段““social robots,” capable of engaging with people.”得知，“社交机器人”，它们能够和人打交道。本题选 A。

47. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. Social robots are more difficult to design.

14

B. Industrial robots are more complicated to design.

C. Social robots can be more useful than industrial robots. D. Industrial robots can do less than social robots. 47. 题目：根据文章，以下哪个陈述是正确的？

A. （比起工业机器人），设计社交机器人，更为复杂。 B. （比起社交机器人），设计工业机器人，更为复杂。 C. 社交机器人的用途比工业机器人更广。

D. 工业机器人能做的事比社交机器人要少。 解析：从每一段都提及到社交机器人制造的复杂性，以及最后一段的“social robots are limited to very simple tasks like relaying messages or taking family photos.”即：目前研发的社交机器人 能完成的事只限于小事，因此技术还有待提高与完善。故本题选 A。

48. It can be inferred from the passage that . A. social robots only serve the people they like B. it’s better for social robots to work in a hotel C. it’s better for social robots to have a human face

D. social robots will be under the control of human beings 48. 题目：从文章可以推断出： 。

A. 社交机器人只服务于它们喜欢的人们。 B. 社交机器人更适合在酒店里工作。 C. 社交机器人拥有一副人脸会更好。 D. 社交机器人将会受到人类的控制。

解析：从第五段“they have to follow our standards and they have to do things in the way we expect, so that we can move about our environment and not be interrupted by them”得知，社 交机器人的活动受限制，是必须根据人类设置的标准去做事。故本题选 D。

49. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The function of social robots B. The use of industrial robots. C. The daily life of robots. D. The way of designing robots. 49. 题目：文主要讲述什么？

A. 社交机器人的作用/功能。 B. 工业机器人的使用。 C. 机器人的日常生活。

D. 设计机器人的途径/方法。

解析：本文以社交机器人为主展开叙说，故排除 B 的工业机器人。选项 C 太笼统，排除 C。 从第一段、第三段和最后两段都提到了社交机器人的作用，故本题选 A。

50. Which of the following best describes the writer’s tone in the passage? A. Critical B. Prejudiced C. Subjective D. Objective 50. 题目：以下哪个词最能描述文中作者的写作语调？

A. 批判的。

B. 带有偏见性的。 C. 主观的。 D. 客观的。

15

百度搜索“77cn”或“免费范文网”即可找到本站免费阅读全部范文。收藏本站方便下次阅读，免费范文网，提供经典小说综合文库17年专插本公共课英语真题详解(3)在线全文阅读。