Unit 5 Why A Liberal Arts Education Matters

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Susan M. Di Biase?\of Winchester\?While watching, try to find out:?What subjects does a liberal arts degree involve?\artseducation,\notrelatingtotheprofessional,vocationalortechnicalcurricula,proposesthattheprimarypurposeofaneducationistoprovideSswithgeneralknowledgeinvarioussubjectssuchasfinearts,humanities,naturalsciencesandsocialsciences,hencehelpSsdevelopcognitiveandcriticalthinkingabilities.“通识教育（又译为博雅教育、人文教育、文科教育、通才教育、素质教育）”是与职业教育或技能教育相对立的一种教育理念。这一理念主张教育的目的是传授涉及艺术、人文、自然科学、社会科学等各个学科的基本知识，发展学生的理性思考和认知能力。?Background Information & Discussion?Reading Comprehension (Text Organization)?Summarizing & Translation PracticeIn classical antiquity, Martianus Capella defined the seven liberal artssubjects as: ?theTrivium(ancientGreece,thecoreliberalarts)?grammar ?logic / dialectic?rhetoric?theQuadrivium(medievaltimes,extension)?arithmetic?geometry?music?astronomy, often called astrology; both modern senses were covered?Thehumanitiesareacademic disciplinesthat study human culture: ?Interdisciplinary, with social sciences & fine arts, including: classics (classical antiquity), history, languages (linguistics), literature (all written work), law, philosophy, religion, performing arts, visual arts, etc.?Historical research method (as v.s. empirical)?Humanism(the Renaissance)1

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?Themainsocialsciencesinclude:anthropology,communicationstudies,economics,education,geography,politicalscience,psychology,sociology,etc.?Asamajorbranchofscience,itsmethodologycanbequalitativeandquantitative.?Historically,thefivemainfineartswerepainting,sculpture,architecture,musicandpoetry,withperformingartsincludingtheateranddance.Today,additionalformsincludevisualarts(e.g.film,photography).?TheliberalartseducationpreparesSsforhighereducationatauniversity;thusismeantformoreacademically-mindedSs.?IntheU.S.,liberalartscollegesareundergraduateinstitutionsofhighereducation,withahighlevelofstudent-teacherinteraction(full-timefaculty,nograduatestudentTAs);smallerenrollment,classsize&student-teacherratiosthanuniversities.Fact1:InChina,togetintouniversityisacommongoalamongmillionsofhighschoolSs.Fact2ideawhat:Itistodoubtfullearnatthatuniversity.everystudenthasaclearQuestionhis/her:collegeWhatdolifeyouorthinkwhatonequalitiesshouldalearncollegeinstudentshouldpossessupongraduation?(10minutes)?ManybelievethattheliberalartseducationpreparesSsforhighereducationatauniversityanditismeantformoreacademically-mindedSs.?IntheU.S.,liberalartscollegesareundergraduateinstitutionsofhighereducation,withahighlevelofstudent-teacherinteraction(full-timefaculty,nograduatestudentTAs);smallerenrollment,classsize&student-teacherratiosthanuniversities.A Current Concern in the West“communicationsGlobalizationrapidlytechnologies,growingandinformationthehegemonyandofneoliberalideologyintroducenewdimensionstotheperennialchallengeofhavingtojustifyliberaleducationasarational,responsibleundertakinginademocraticsociety.Privateinstitutionsareforcedtomarkettheirwarestoanincreasinglyconsumeristpublicunwillingtopayaveryhighpriceforsomethingwhose'value'isnottightlylinkedtoahigh-payingjobupongraduation.Q: 1. What is the challenge? 2. What is the common \attitude towards liberal education nowadays? Some argue that, college Ss should possess the following qualities upon graduation: I.Apprenticeships & vocationalskills; II.Language & articulationability; III.Teamworkskills(listening & questioning, persuading & respecting, helping & sharing, sense of organization); Do you agree? IV.Critical thinkingskills (observation, interpretation, analysis, inference, evaluation, explanation, metacognition); V. Adaptibility(being both flexible & versatile); VI. Integrity & strong work ethic (honest, hard-working, trust-worthy, caring, etc).2

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Chapter One (\So, A ComparisonA ComparisonEducation and Why is it Important Today\a liberal arts education does matter, Greene and Matthew Greene's do you agree?Then how will you answer the Q: Colleges of Excellencearts educationin the following manner:, defines the Hidden Ivies: Thirty goals of a liberal “In a complex, shifting world, it is essential to develop a high Whydegree of sense of A Liberal Arts Education Matters? intellectual literacyand critical-thinking skills, a community, the ability to reason clearly, tomoral and ethical responsibilityto one's to analyze information intelligently, to respond to people in a think rationally, compassionate and fair way, to information and concepts over a lifetime, to continue learninggain pleasurePredicting (Text Content) appreciate and new to use these as an inspiration and a solace when needed, from the beauty of the arts and literature and to shape the future intelligently and avoid unnecessary revert to our historical past for lessonsthat will help mistakes, to personal accomplishments and challenges met with create a sense of self-esteemthat comes from success.”Text OrganizationPart Para.(s)Main ideaI. Introduction1-3What is liberal arts education?4-5Relevance of Introduce a counter-6-7II. liberal argumentMain education in Relevance 1: Strengths 8-12Bodytoday's for employmentworldRelevance 2:Strengths for living13-14III. Conclusion15The Skill of Summarizing?What is a summary?–a BRIEF restatement (about 1/4 to 1/3 the length of the original);–to report back what the writer has said (NOT your opinion);–IN YOUR OWN WORDS.?Summarizing is a process of \trivia, redundance), generalization, selection (of key info) and construction.\Group work (10 minutes)1.Skim the text to check whether your prediction is correct;2.Share with the class what important bits you’ve got (e.g. text genre, key info). Reading Comprehension & VocabularySummarization & Translation PracticeGroup work (5 minutes)1.Read the introduction part (para.s 1-3);2.Summarize it (in a few words) on a piece of paper;3.Share with the class.3

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In para. 3Those students who aspire to higher goals may be interested in learning more about why the liberal arts education matter.(S next-to-last)aspire vi.direct one’s hopes or ambitions towards achieving sth. If you aspire to sth.such as an important job, you have a strong desire to achieve it. You can also aspire to do sth.翻译：很多青少年都向往明星的生活。实现国家的统一是整个民族的愿望。(n. form)词根：spir来自拉丁语spirare 表示\呼吸\spirit(spirare 的变形→有呼吸→有精神→________________)aspire精神、情绪(a-表加强+ spir+ e→（看到渴望的东西时）呼吸急促→ ____________________)empire(em-=im-渴望；抱负、志向表否定+spir+e→不能自由呼吸，被帝国皇帝压迫地喘不过气来→_______)inspire(in-进入,注入+ spir + e→吸气进去帝国→ _____________)conspire(con-共同+spir+e→同呼吸，一个鼻孔出气→_____)鼓励，激发灵感expire(ex-出+pire=spir→有出气没进气→断气→_____________________ )perspire(per-同谋全部+spir+e→全身呼吸→_____ )期满,[期限]终止;呼气出汗Group work (10 m)1.Summarize para.s 4-5 in a sentence or two;2.Share with the class.Thesebroadskillsinreasoningandcommunicationformthebasisforsuccessinone'spersonalaspirationsaswell.(S1)aspirationn.1. = inhalation, intake, inspiration; 2. = ambition, desiree.g. The reunification of the motherland is the shared aspiration of the entire Chinese people.维护和平，促进发展，是各国人民的共同愿望。Vocabulary: Paras. 1-31. 通识教育1. a liberal arts education 2. 实用教育2. a practical education3. a competitive job market 3.竞争激烈的就业市场4. the investment of time, 4. Any question concerning para.s 1-3?为做某事投入时间、money and effort to do sth金钱、精力5. to pay off6. to earn a living for oneself 5. 有回报；还清and one’s family6. 挣钱养家糊口7. those who aspire to higher goals7. 那些渴望实现更高目标的人In para. 4The Greeks and Romans recognized that education arms a person to confront the influence of others critically.(S 4)confront vt.If you confront a difficult situation or issue, you accept the fact that it exists and try to deal with it.翻译：我们要学会直视困难而不是回避困难。[often be confronted with]:If you are confronted with a problem, task, or difficulty, you have to deal with it. 翻译：这个公司面临着严峻的资金问题。4

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In para. 4Such a person is less easily manipulated and deceived.(S 5)manipulate vt.Synonyms: exploit, maneuver, rig(derog)These verbs mean to influence, manage, use, or control to one's advantage by artful or indirect means.to manipulate/maneuver sb. into/out of (doing) sth. 翻译：他是个极难对付的角色，总是把人玩弄于股掌之间。// 我不喜欢受人摆布。The School of Athens / Scuola di Atene (Raphael Sanzio)《雅典学院》拉斐尔（油画）意大利）（1483 -1520）In para. 6TheytoarenotsureitbenefitsyoungpeopleinthisworldbroadhaveAny question concerning para.s 6-7? havewholiveaninterestsidealstheyfeelpassionatelyabout,tohavefarawarenessthataway,orofexciteandconsumethem,andtonextthedoor.joys(Sand2)sorrowsofpeople参考译文：他们不确定对于年轻人来说以下做法是否有利：比如，胸怀理想信念并为此投入满腔热情；比如，培养广泛的兴趣爱好并投入很多精力；比如，能够感知世人的悲欢，无论是他是亲如近邻还是身在远方。Plato(428/427 BC –348/347 BC)a classical philosopherHe, together with his mentor, Socrates, and his student, Aristotle,helped to lay the foundation of Western philosophy.TheRepublic 《理想国》;the Academy in Athens“雅典学院”；the Allegory of the Cave“洞穴隐喻”(effect of education)Group work (8 m)1.Summarize para.s 6-7 in a sentence;2.Share with the class.Gap-filling Task?Please read para.s 8 the following gapped summary.–14 and complete A liberal arts education is relevant in today’s world because it has strengths both for _____ and for _____. In the former aspect, it helps students gain ___________________; in the latter, it helps people realize personal aspirations and ________________________. ?Try to find out what all the “it”s refer to in para. 14.5

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In para. 10Thestudentdevelopstheabilitytoanalyze,orbreakideasintoparts,andtosynthesize,tobringpartstogethertomakeawhole.(Snext-to-last)synthesizevt.syn-“共同,相同”+thes=thesis(take)“放”+-ize表动词→“放到一起”→“（通过化学或生物过程）合成；综合”usu. to synthesize+ a substance / different ideas, facts or experiencesIn para. 13Emphasizingtheutilityofeducationforjobtrainingcreatesafalsedichotomybetweenworkandtherestoflife.(S2)dichotomy n.= duality, division, gulf, split, separation, polarity, disjunction dich(o)-(dividedin two)“分两部分、成对”+ -tomy “切、割”→“分裂；两分法”di-/ bi-“两个”e.g. dioxide, dilemma, biweekly (semiweekly), biennial (biannual, biyearly, semiyearly), bilateral semi-; uni-/mono-; tri-; quadri-; multi-/ poly-/ pluri-Gap-filling Task?Please read para. 15 and complete the following gapped summary.Thebestthingaboutaliberalartseducationisthatitmakesourlivesricherbecauseit_______________.前缀：syn-or sym-1. with; united; together; 2. at the same time; same, similar 表示“连；类似，相同；同时\synchronize(syn-+ chron(time) 时间+ -ize 表动词→共同时间→ ____________________使……同时发生、同步）(=sync, lip sync)synergy(syn-+erg=ergon工作(work) +-y状态→共同工作、合作→ __________________)协同作用、合力synonymous(syn-+(o)nym=onoma 名字+-ous 表形容词→共同名义→__________________)同义的，同义词的symmetry(sym-+-metry (process or science of measuring) 尺寸→尺寸相同→_______)对称Paras. 6-141.最有价值球员1. the most valuable player (MVP)2.公司主管2. corporate executive(s)3.逻辑推理和解决问题的3. reasoning and problem-solving abilities能力4. be enthusiastic / passionate about4.对学习充满热情learning5.Any question concerning para.s 8-14? 在相互矛盾的证据之间4. to weigh conflicting evidence进行权衡5. to gaina wider perspective6.视野更加开阔6. to gain a greater mental agility7. the variety of humanity7.思维更加敏捷8. be sensitive tocultural and 8.人性的多样性economic differences9.敏感地察觉到文化和经济上的差异Para.151. 清扫蜘蛛网1. to sweep the cobwebs2. 使大脑更加灵活敏捷2. to make the brain more limber and agile3. 丰富我们的生活3. to enrichourlife4. to measure sth.in terms 4. 用金钱来衡量of money6

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