年产700吨分析纯硫酸工厂吸收工段工艺设计

普通本科毕业设计(论文)说明书

课题名称 年产700吨分析纯硫酸工厂吸收工段工艺设计

摘要

分析纯硫酸是相当重要的化工材料之一，广泛应用于半导体领域，本设计是用液态三氧化硫为原料，通过加热器送入分析纯吸收塔进行吸收得到分析纯硫酸，很大程度简化了工艺进程，节约了投资费用，并且产品的质量高。

本次是年产700吨分析纯硫酸的吸收工段车间设计，介绍了分析纯硫酸生产的主方法和成熟的工艺流程。主要内容包括原料、吸收工段及主要设备的选择、环保措施、市场分析、车间布置设计、公用工程、经济效益、计算机在化工领域的应用等。完成化工设计中的每个设计过程，到达设计目标。通过分析后，设计经济合理并且技术很可靠，在设计进度中，还注重对三废分析处理方法。

关键词：分析纯硫酸 吸收塔 提纯

Abstract

AR Sulfuric acid is one of very important chemical material widely used in the semiconductor field, the design of liquid sulfur trioxide is used as raw material by the heater into absorber absorbs analytical analytically pure sulfuric acid, to a large extent simplified technology process, saving investment costs and high quality products.

This is an annual output of 700 tons of sulfuric acid absorption analytical section workshop designed to introduce the main methods of analytical grade sulfuric acid production and maturation process. The main contents include materials absorbing section and main equipment selection, environmental protection measures, market analysis, economic benefits. Complete chemical design of each design process, reach design goals. Through the analysis, design and technology is very reliable and economical, the progress in the design, it is also focusing on waste analysis approach.

Keyword: Analytical grade sulfuric acid Absorber Purify

目录

1 绪论 ........................................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 概述 .................................................................................................................................................. 1

1.1.1 硫酸的发展历史 ................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 全球硫酸工业概况 ............................................................................................................... 2 1.1.3 我国硫酸工业概况 ............................................................................................................... 2 1.2 硫酸的性质 ...................................................................................................................................... 3

1.2.1 硫酸的分类 ......................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 物理性质 .......................................................................................................................................... 3

1.3.1 极性与导电性 ....................................................................................................................... 3 1.4 化学性质 .......................................................................................................................................... 4

1.4.1 腐蚀性 ................................................................................................................................... 4 1.4.2 脱水性 ................................................................................................................................... 4 1.4.3 强氧化性 ............................................................................................................................... 4 1.5 原料与产品 ...................................................................................................................................... 5

1.5.1原料 ........................................................................................................................................ 5 1.5.2 产品 ....................................................................................................................................... 6 1.6 硫酸市场分析 .................................................................................................................................. 6 2 工艺的选择 ............................................................................................................................................... 7

2.1 工艺生产方法 .................................................................................................................................. 7 2.2 工艺选择 .......................................................................................................................................... 7

2.2.1 蒸发工序 ............................................................................................................................... 8 2.2.2 吸收工序 ............................................................................................................................... 8 2.2.3 SO2脱吸工序 ........................................................................................................................ 9 2.3 工艺条件的选择 ............................................................................................................................ 10 3 物料衡算 ................................................................................................................................................. 11

3.1 设计依据 ........................................................................................................................................ 11 3.2 物料衡算 ................................................................................................................................... 11

3.2.1 吸收系统总物料衡算 ......................................................................................................... 11 3.2.2 吸收塔物料衡算 ................................................................................................................. 14 3.2.3 硫酸循环槽物料衡算 ......................................................................................................... 15 3.2.4 脱吸塔物料衡算 ................................................................................................................. 15

4 能量衡算 ................................................................................................................................................. 18

4.1 吸收塔的能量衡算 ........................................................................................................................ 18 4.2 硫酸循环槽的能量衡算 ................................................................................................................ 20 4.3 冷却器的能量衡算 ........................................................................................................................ 22 4.4 加热器的能量衡算 ........................................................................................................................ 24 4.5 脱吸塔能量衡算 ............................................................................................................................ 26 5 设备选型计算 ......................................................................................................................................... 29

5.1 换热器设计计算 ............................................................................................................................ 29

5.1.1 传热面积与结构尺寸 ......................................................................................................... 29 5.1.2 工艺结构尺寸 ..................................................................................................................... 30 5.1.3 核算总传热系数 ................................................................................................................. 30

5.2 加热器的选型计算 ........................................................................................................................ 33

5.2.1 传热面积 ............................................................................................................................. 33 5.2.2 工艺结构尺寸 ..................................................................................................................... 34 5.3 吸收塔设计计算 ............................................................................................................................ 34

5.3.1 填料的选择 ......................................................................................................................... 34 5.3.2 塔径的计算 ......................................................................................................................... 35 5.3.3 填料面积与填料高度计算 ................................................................................................. 35 5.3.4 液体初始分布器 ................................................................................................................. 37 5.3.5 除沫器与支承装置 ............................................................................................................. 38 5.3.6 蝶形封头与筒体 ................................................................................................................. 38 5.3.7 塔的总高度 ......................................................................................................................... 40 5.4脱吸塔选型计算 ............................................................................................................................. 41

5.4.1 工艺尺寸计算 ..................................................................................................................... 41 5.4.2 辅助设备选型 ..................................................................................................................... 43 5.4.3 塔总高度 ............................................................................................................................. 44 5.5 非标准设备选型 ............................................................................................................................ 44

5.5.1 储罐的计算 ......................................................................................................................... 44 5.5.2 泵的选择 ............................................................................................................................. 45

6 车间平面布置 ......................................................................................................................................... 46

6.1 车间布置依据 ................................................................................................................................ 46

6.1.1 生产车间布置 ..................................................................................................................... 46 6.1.2 生活区 ................................................................................................................................. 48 6.1.3娱乐区 .................................................................................................................................. 48

7 公用工程 ................................................................................................................................................. 49

7.1 供排水工程 .................................................................................................................................... 49 7.2 供电 ................................................................................................................................................ 49 7.3 消防安全 ........................................................................................................................................ 50 8 经济分析 ................................................................................................................................................. 51

8.1 劳动岗位定员 ................................................................................................................................ 51 8.2 设备与建筑投资表 ........................................................................................................................ 51 8.3 原料与产品包装投资 .................................................................................................................... 52 8.4 员工工资 ........................................................................................................................................ 52 8.5 经济评估 ........................................................................................................................................ 53 9 安全与环保 ............................................................................................................................................. 54

9.1 安全 ................................................................................................................................................ 54 9.2 环保处理 ........................................................................................................................................ 55 10 计算机在化工设计中的应用 ............................................................................................................... 56 结束语 ........................................................................................................................................................... 57 致谢 ............................................................................................................................................................... 58 参考文献 ....................................................................................................................................................... 59

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