39. A. offending
B. greeting B. pressure B. give out B. against B. around
C. loving D. obeying
D. atmosphere D. carry out D. about
40. A. responsibility 41. A. work out 42. A. upon 43. A. before 44. A. attitude 45. A. take
C. guidance C. turn out C. for
C. later C. mind
D. ahead
B. direction
D. route
D. fetch
D. split
B. bring B. settled B. path B. Old B. fat
C. carry
46. A. occurred 47. A. example 48. A. Ill 49. A. thin
C. remained C. pattern C. Short C. naughty
D. instruction
D. Tall D. small
50. A. slowly B. quickly C. quietly D. easily
第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
A
Two people are walking towards each other along a narrow pavement --- who gives way? If it is you, you fall into the 25 percent of people who prefer to step aside. Another 25 percent like to pass first, making the other person stand to one side. The remaining 50 percent make up the third type of pedestrian and vary their strategy.
The findings come from study in which researchers from the Technical University of Munich paired up 20 strangers and asked them to walk towards each other without colliding and without speaking.
The volunteers also filled in personality questionnaires and were measured and weighed. Interestingly, physical factors such as age, height and gender seemed to have no bearing on pavement etiquette(礼仪). Nor did qualities such as extraversion or shyness, the Journal of Experimental Psychology reports. In other words, some of us seem to be simply born to push past.
A second experiment revealed that the person who passes first isn?t as rude as they may initially appear. It seems they do tend to adjust their path --- just not enough to avoid a collision. As a result, it is only when the second person moves out of the way that the problem is solved.
高二英语 第6页（共20页）
Etiquette expert William Hanson said that the custom of men walking on the outside of the pavement to protect women from traffic and other dangers has fallen by the wayside.
Mr Hanson said: ?Traditionally, men let the woman they were accompanying walk closest to the building, away from the pavement edge.
How to avoid that awkward 'pavement dance'
The German study doesn?t address what to do in the common but embarrassing situation, in which both pedestrians repeatedly dodge out of each other?s way in the same direction, giving the impression of dancing together on the pavement.
But Mr Hanson said: ?I tend to pick a side of the pavement, stick to it, and politely gesture to the empty space for the stranger to use.?
51. The writer uses the question at the beginning to _____.
A. test the readers? knowledge about pavement etiquette B. draw the readers? attention to the topic C. show the importance of giving way D. invite the readers to answer the question
52. It can be learned from the two experiments that _____.
A. about half of the people try to think of other ways B. pavement etiquette has much to do with personalities C. a quarter of people are too rude to give way
D. a collision is unavoidable when two walk to each other
53. Which of following might Mr. Hanson agree with?
A. Men tend to be more considerate to women than before. B. It?s men?s duty to protect women from traffic dangers. C. Sticking to one side can help avoid pavement dance. D. It is embarrassing to dance together on the pavement.
B
Our days on Earth are numbered, according to Professor Stephen Hawking. The world-famous physicist has previously issued warnings to the world that robots could wipe out mankind and that leaving Earth is our only hope.
高二英语 第7页（共20页）
“I believe that life on Earth is at an ever-increasing risk of being wiped out by a disaster, such as a sudden nuclear war, a genetically engineered virus, or catastrophic global warming,” he said. “I think the human race has no future if it doesn?t go to space.”
Hawking said that increasingly, most of the threats mankind faces come from progress in technology. “We are not going to stop making progress, or reverse it, so we must recognise the dangers and control them.”
To get away from these threats, humankind will have to colonise other planets, which Hawking believes will take more than a century. “We will not establish self-sustaining colonies in space for at least the next hundred years, so we have to be very careful in this period,” Hawking said.
Research regarding sending humans into space remains strong.
In September the US Senate introduced a bill that authorizes a new $19.5 billion (￡15 billion) budget for Nasa to send a crew to the red planet, but commanded it must happen within the next 25 years.
Professor Hawking has also previously singled out the risk of artificial intelligence (AI) becoming powerful enough to cause the downfall of mankind.
In July, Professor Hawking and Tesla founder Elon Musk led 1,000 robotics experts in an open letter warning that “Weapons entirely powered by AI will become the Kalashnikovs of tomorrow”.
“The probable life span of human civilization is much greater if we?re a multi-planet species as opposed to a single-planet species,” Elon Musk said last year.
His company SpaceX is working to send humans to space. In September, the firm test fired one of its new Raptor “interplanetary transport engines” which the company will use to carry astronauts to Mars.
54. Which of the following might Professor Hawking NOT agree with?
A. The human race has no way out but to stop progress in technology. B. It will take at least one century to colonize a planet. C. Artificial intelligence will bring disasters to the human race. D. Mankind is facing many dangers caused by technological progress
高二英语 第8页（共20页）
55. The underlined sentence “Our days on Earth are numbered” implies _____.
A. We are particular creatures living on earth. B. We can?t live on earth for much longer. C. There are too many days for human existence. D. Each day has its particular meaning.
56. The paragraphs following this passage would probably talk about _____.
A. how to extend human life span B. more threats the human race faces C. the risk of artificial intelligence D. Space X?s plan to colonize Mars
C
Bonding with other guys may relieve stress in men, according to media reports of research published in the journal Neuropsychopharmacology last week. Men who are close with each other have higher levels of oxytocin, a kind of hormone which makes them better at handling stress.
The research, however, comes from a rat study, and – while rats are often used as stand-ins for humans, because they similar biological and genetic characteristics – you?d have to assume there are differences. The researchers put pairs of rats in cages together for a week and then put each one in a small space for three hours. When they were reunited, the rats were even friendlier to each other than before.
Elizabeth Kirby, a postdoctoral fellow at Stanford University, says: “We can?t speak rat, but we think the rats can?t wait to tell their friend that some weird people shut them in a room.” They even touched each other more. But before they could have too much fun, the researchers measured the oxytocin levels in their brains. They found that the levels of oxytocin among rats with mates were higher.
Kirby maintains that there is a takehome message for men who aren?t rats. Being social increases levels of oxytocin and protects you from being stressed. Men, she says, are sometimes accused of having superficial friendship, but her research suggests that a bromance(兄弟情) doesn?t have to be deep to have health benefits. “Any sort of social bonding increases oxytocin
高二英语 第9页（共20页）
levels – it doesn?t have to be a deep discussion,” she says. So is this the excuse you needed to have a pint with your mates?
In the world of human-friend research, men are said to have “shoulder to shoulder” friendships while women have “face to face” ones. What this means, says Geoffrey L Greif, who has interviewed 400 men and 120 women about their friendships, is that men like to do things and women like to sit down and chat. “Women will say: ?My boyfriend went out for dinner and didn?t find out his friend was getting divorced,?” says Grief. “Men don?t need to express themselves as much as women in friendships.”
Many studies show that friendships not only relieve stress but also reduce death from many causes, including heart disease. Also, men with friends are less likely to drink and smoke too much. Another good reason for encouraging bromances. 57. It can be learnt from the rat study that _____.
A. some rats are put together in cages and others in separate cages B. rats are used for study because they have the same gene as humans. C. a short separation will make people friendlier than before D. Being together with friends will help stress reduction.
58. Which of the following is a necessity to increase oxytocin levels?
A. Deep bromance C. Social interaction
B. Deep discussion
D. Close friendship
59. What does the writer try to express in Paragraph 5?
A. Men like to walk side by side with their friends.
B. Women prefer to sit face to face to have a chat with friends. C. Men don?t care about their friends? marriage as much as women. D. Men have less desire to communicate their emotions with friends.
60. Bromances have the following benefits except _____.
A. avoiding getting divorced C. preventing heart disease
B. reducing stress levels D. smoking or drinking less
D
From where I live on the coast of California?s Monterey Peninsula, there is no easy way to
高二英语 第10页（共20页）
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