05 Passage3 Why are flowers different colors, animals different colors, and people different colors? Colors come from pigment (色素). Different kinds of pigment make things different colors.
The main kind of pigment in human eyes, hair, and skin is called melanin (黑色素). It makes the cells in living things brown or black. Most people, even those with light coloring, have some melanin pigment in their eyes, hair, and skin. But not everyone has the same amount of melanin.
Some Negroes, for example, have a lot of melanin pigment. Their eyes, hair, and skin are black or dark brown. Some people, called albinos (白化病患者), have almost no melanin pigment. Their hair and skin are white, and their eyes are pink.
Other people have different amounts of melanin pigment. Japanese and Chinese people don't have yellow skin. Their skin is really brown, because it has melanin pigment in it. The American Indian doesn't have red skin. He, too, has brown skin. And the "white" man isn't really white. His skin also contains melanin. When he stays out in the summer sun, his skin turns brown. That is because sunshine produces more melanin in the skin.
Dark skin protects people from strong sunlight. This may be why most people in hot, sunny parts of world have dark skin. In northern countries, where there is less sun, most people have light skin.
Light-skinned and dark-skinned people may move to different countries, but their skin color stays the same. And they usually pass on their skin color to their children. The color of your skin comes from your parents and from your ancestors who lived thousands of years ago. 11. The best title for this selection is ____. [A] Eyes, Hair and Skin [B] Melanin in Flowers [C] How to make Melanin
[D] What Makes People Dark or Light? 12. ____have almost no melanin.
[A] Albinos [B] Some white people [C] People living in the North
[D] Japanese and Chinese people 13. The color of the skin is determined by the amount of ____.
[A] melanin [B] pigment [C] cells
[D] albinos 14. Which of the following statements is NOT true?____
[A] Scientifically speaking, yellow people don't have yellow skin. [B] American Indian doesn't have red skin. He has yellow skin. [C] Dark-skinned people live more comfortably than light-skinned people in hot areas.
[D] White-skinned people have less melanin than dark-skinned people. 15. In this selection, "ancestors" probably means ____.
[A] relatives who lived long ago [B] people from different countries [C] people who live in your country
[D] people of the same color as you
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