新视野研究生英语_读说写1Unit 9 What Does Gender课文原文(2)

新视野研究生英语_读说写1Unit 9 What Does Gender课文原文

other editors are women.

Although he has similar editorial experience and a similar position, on the organizational chart ,the

female editors are making more than he is simply because he’s a man. So, workplace discrimination based on gender (sex) can work both ways.

7 those who do fight for on-the-job equality may find themselves in double trouble:victims first of

sexual discrimination and later of sexual harassment.

8 Ironically,some of the most frequently cited sources of gender bias occur in professions where women not only do the same jobs but also wear the same or similar uniforms as men:the military,police and fire departments.And often,female protests have less to do with wage inequities and more to do with the way they are perceived,or treated by their peers.

9 One New Jersey policewoman, for example, reported that in over five years with a local police force, officers on the midnight tour watched pornographic movies at the station house while she patrolled the town-alone. Another policewoman reported that although she outscored two men on physical tests, and tied with another man on written tests, the men were hired promptly, while it took her five years( and a lawsuit) to gain her rightful place on the force.

10 Similar news reports show that women in the military are struggling for acceptance in what still seems to be a man’s world.

Two hundred officers in the air force, along with their supporters, have formed a group called WANDAS Watch (Woman Active in our Nation’s Defense,their Advocates and their Supporters ).

One target of their protests was the recently retired air force chief of staff , who had vocalized his opposition to women assuming increased roles in the air force.

A few years ago he reportedly told a Senate panel he would “rather fly with a less-qualified male pilot than with a topnotch woman aviator” .

11 Last year,when the first female astronaut to pilot a space shuttle successfully linked up with a Russian space flight,a group of former female pilots,thirteen women who called themselves FLATS(Fellow Lady Astronaut Trainees),recalled that when they had trained with NASA thirty years earlier, they were never called up as pilots.

One FLAT,now sixty-five and a retired pilot,told the New York Times, “We could have done it, but

the guys didn’t want us.”

She remembered that one NASA said at the time that he would“just as soon orbit with a bunch of

monkeys than with a bunch of women.”

12 In these "uniformed"case,the problem is not one of wage or promotion,but of limited opportunities

to performthe task for which these women were hired or were qualified to perform.

The time-worn excuse of denying certain jobs to females in order to "protect"them from damage to their reproductive systems or possible harm to an unborn fetus has been held by the courts to constitute sex discrimination.

Similarly,restricting the weight that females can be required to lift on a job or the number of hours the may work,in order to "protect" them(which obviously limits employment opportunities),also constitutes sex discrimination.

In the same way,height and weight standards adversely affect job possibilities for women and are illegal unless it can be demonstrated that they are a bona fide occupational requirement of the job,that is,necessary for performance.

13 Speaker of the House of Representatives Newt Gingrich committed “ verbal discrimination ” while infuriating millions of men and women in 1995 when he side , “ If combat means living in a ditch, females have biological problems staying in a ditch for thirty days because they get infections, and they

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