EVOLVINGBUILDINGBLOCKSFORDESIGNUSINGGENETIC ENGINEERING A FO(6)

Usingtargetedrepresentation.

Thesetoftargetedbuildingblocksevolvedduringthisprocessisthenusedasaninitialsetofbuildingblocksduringthesecondexperimentwhenweproducethedesignswithmaximaltotalareaofholesinsideandmaximalnumberofconnec-tionsbetweentheseholesinsidethestructure.Herethe tnessesareclosetobut

Abstract. This paper presents a formal approach to the evolution of a representation for use in a design process. The approach adopted is based on concepts associated with genetic engineering. An initial set of genes representing elementary building blocks

14JohnS.GeroANDVladimirA.

Kazakov

Figure11.(a)Anexampleoftheevolutionarypathsintheevolutionofacomplexbuildingblock,(b)someofthedesignsproducedusingthesetofevolvedcomplexblocks.

Abstract. This paper presents a formal approach to the evolution of a representation for use in a design process. The approach adopted is based on concepts associated with genetic engineering. An initial set of genes representing elementary building blocks

EvolvingBuildingBlocksforDesignUsingGeneticEngineering

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015TOTAL FRACTION OF COMPLEX GENES020406080100GENERATIONS120140160180

Figure12.Thefractionofcompositebuildingblockinthetotalpoolofbuildingblockusedtoas-semblethepopulationvs.generationnumber.Inthisexperimenttheobjectivefunctionisthenum-berofclosedholesandthenumberofconnectionbetweentheclosedholesinsidethestructure.Theinitialsetofbuildingblocksisinheritedfromthe rstexperimentandisthetargetedrepresentation.notthesameasthoseusedtoevolvethetargetedrepresentation.Thisexperimentisusedtotestwhetherthetargetedrepresentationislikelytobeusedmorethantheoriginal,elementarybuildingblocks.Ifthetargetedrepresentationisusedratherthantheelementarybuildingblocksthenwehaveachievedourgoalofevolvingarepresentationcanbeusedtoproducedesignswhichexhibitdesiredcharacterist-icsmorereadily.TheresultsareshowninFigures12and13.Onecanseethatthefractionofthecompositebuildingblocksusedtoproducethesedesignsreachesthesaturationlevelduringthe rstfewiterations.Thevisibleredistributionsofthepopulationbetweenthecompositebuildingblocksof5,6and7-complexitiesarepurelysuper cial-thisredistributionoccursbetweenthesamecompositebuildingblockswhicharepresentinalltheserepresentations.Evolutionoftherepresenta-tiondoesnotoccurduringthisexperiment-nonewcomplexbuildingblockwereevolved.Thiscanbeinterpretedasanindicationofclosenessofthetargetedrep-resentationsforbothproblems.Soifthetargetedrepresentationisevolvedforonesetofobjectivesthenitcanbeusefullyappliedtoanyoftheobjectivesetswhichareonlyslightlydifferenttoit.

Effectsofincompleteevolution

Inthisexperimentwerepeatthe rstiterationbutstoptheevolutionprematurelyafteronly60generations.Afterthiswerepeattheseconditerationusingtheevolvedincompletesetofcompositebuildingblocks.TheresultsareshowninFigures14

Abstract. This paper presents a formal approach to the evolution of a representation for use in a design process. The approach adopted is based on concepts associated with genetic engineering. An initial set of genes representing elementary building blocks

16

0.9JohnS.GeroANDVladimirA.Kazakov0.8

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FRACTION OF COMPLEX GENES 0.60.51-COMPLEXITY2-COMPLEXITY3-COMPLEXITY4-COMPLEXITY5-COMPLEXITY6-COMPLEXITY7-COMPLEXITY8-COMPLEXITY0.40.3

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0020406080100GENERATIONS120140160180

Figure13.Thefractionofcompositebuildingblockswithdifferentcomplexitiesinthetotalpoolofthebuildingblockusedtoassemblethepopulationvs.generationnumberintheexperiment.

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Figure14.Thefractionofcompositebuildingblockinthetotalpoolofbuildingblockusedtoas-semblethepopulationvs.generationnumber.Inthisexperimenttheobjectivefunctionisthenumberofclosedholesandthenumberofconnectionsbetweentheclosedholesinsidethestructure.Theini-tialsetofbuildingblocksisinheritedfrom rstiterationwhichhasbeenprematurelyterminatedatgeneration60.

and15.Inthiscasetheevolutionoftherepresentationcontinuesforaboutafur-ther10generationsandweendupwiththesamesetofevolvedcompositebuildingblocks.Thesaturationofthepopulationwiththecompositebuildingblocksisalsocompletedafterthese10generations.Thus,onecanstarttoevolvearepresenta-

Abstract. This paper presents a formal approach to the evolution of a representation for use in a design process. The approach adopted is based on concepts associated with genetic engineering. An initial set of genes representing elementary building blocks

EvolvingBuildingBlocksforDesignUsingGeneticEngineering

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FRACTION OF COMPLEX GENES 0.60.51-COMPLEXITY2-COMPLEXITY3-COMPLEXITY4-COMPLEXITY5-COMPLEXITY6-COMPLEXITY7-COMPLEXITY8-COMPLEXITY0.40.3

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00102030GENERATIONS405060

Figure15.Thefractionofcompositebuildingblockswithdifferentcomplexitiesinthetotalpoolofthebuildingblockusedtoassemblethepopulationvs.generationnumberinthethirdexperiment.tionforonesetofobjectivesandthencontinueitforanothercloselyrelatedsetofobjectives.

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