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been.
3. Summary of the Text
Retell the text according to the following tips.
1）(Part I) When the job market worsens, many students calculate ... Probably, the humanities will continue …. Once …, the humanities now …
2）(Part II) Here, please allow me to … that the humanities add to people’s lives. Studying the humanities improves… Most importantly, studying the humanities invests us with …, thereby… Perhaps the best argument in favor of the humanities is… In fact, increasingly… is seen as the ideal in…
3）(Part III) In summary, the humanities help to create …, teach us to … and… It makes sense to …, our outstanding and remarkable …
nguage Focus
Words and expressions
1. when the going gets tough: when the situation becomes difficult
When the going gets tough, women can get as tough as men.当形势变得严峻时，女人可以变得跟男人一样坚强。
2. calculate: vt.
1)make a judgment about what is likely to happen using the available information 估计，预测，推测
It is difficult to calculate the long-term effects of these changes in the law.
这些法律上的变化带来的长期影响是难以预测的。
2）find out how much sth. will cost, how long sth. Will take计算，核算
Let me calculate the cost of the journey. 让我计算一下旅途的用费。
3. boost：increase or improve sth. to make it more successful 促进，推动，使兴旺These changes will help to boost share prices.
这些变化将有助于提高股票价格。
4. prospect：n. sth. that is possible or likely to happen in the future, or the possibility itself 可能的事情，前景
The prospect for East Asia’s economic development is promising.
东亚经济发展的前景是光明的。
5. persist
1）continue to exist 继续存在，持续
If the bad weather persists, the farmers will suffer great losses this year. 如果恶劣天气持续，农民今年将遭遇巨大的损失。
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2）continue to do sth., although this is difficult, or other people oppose it 坚持，执意Students must persist in their efforts if they wish to do well. 学生如果想取得好成绩就必须坚持努力。
persist, insist
1 persist可用于表示“继续存在；持续”,尤其用于不好的事情，而insist没有此意。Contact your doctor if the cough persists.如果咳嗽持续，请联系您的医生。
2 persist和insist容易混淆主要是当两者均表示“坚持”时。
persist用于表示“坚持” 时，表示“坚持反复做同一件事”，后接介词in，多用于褒义，指“坚持继续做某事”，有时用于贬义，指“不听劝告；顽固坚持”。
Her mother tried to persuade her to go to bed early, but she persisted in working until the
small hours.她的母亲劝她早点睡，但她仍坚持工作到凌晨。
insist用于表示“坚持”时，表示“坚持做某件事（尤指麻烦或令人讨厌的事）”，后接介词on。
She insisted on washing her hair just when I wanted to have a bath.当我想泡个澡时，她
还在那洗头。
3 insist还可用于表示“对意见、主张等的坚持”。insist用于此意时，后可接介词on，也可以接that引导的从句（是否用虚拟语气，视情况而定，即看从句内容是否为事实），而persist
无此意。
The doctor insisted that she (should) take the medicine, but she insisted that she was not
ill.医生坚持让她服此药，但她坚持自己没病。
6.succession：一连串，一系列
After graduation, he took a succession of low-paid jobs.
In succession: 持续发生地，接连发生地
She is an accomplished athlete and won the championship four times in succession. 7.liberal: a.
1)~ arts 文科
The liberal arts are college or university subjects such as history, languages and literature but not sciences. 文科是学院或大学的如历史、语言和文学之类的学习科目，而不是理科学科。
2）心胸开朗的，开明的
She is known to have liberal views on divorce. 人们知道她对离婚持有开明的观点。
pel: vt. force sb. To do sth,
As a school boy, he was compelled to wear shorts even in winter.
当他还是一个在校的小男孩时，即使在冬天他也被迫穿短裤。
compelling：interesting or exciting enough to keep your attention completely 有吸引
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力的
Steven Jobs’ life makes a compelling story.
9.speculate: v. consider or discuss why sth. has happened 思索，推测Archeologists speculate that people first reached the islands over 1,000 years ago.
考古学家们推测人类第一次到达这些岛屿是在一千多年前。
speculate about/on: 猜测，推测
It is too early to speculate about the relationship between Mary and George.
现在推测玛丽和乔治的关系，还为时过早。
10.fertile：a.
1)able to produce good ideas or results 富有成果的，富有想象力的
A poet must have a fertile imagination. 诗人必须有丰富的想象力。
2）able to produce good crops or plants 肥沃的，富饶的
Fertile soil helps Canada rank among the world’s leading wheat producers.
肥沃的土壤帮助加拿大跻身世界主要小麦生产国。
11.elegant：a.
1)very intelligent yet simple 巧妙的，简洁的
the document impressed me with its elegant simplicity. 该文件给我留下了精辟简明的深刻印象。
2）beautiful, attractive and graceful 优美的，高雅的
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